Bony Fishes - Questions

Question 1

These glands secrete the hypocalcemic hormone, calcitonin, which decreases blood calcium levels in fishes.

Answer 1

ultimobranchial glands

Question 2

Unique glandular islets found only in the kidneys of bony fishes. They secrete a peptide called hypocalcin or stanniocalcin which elicits a typical antihypercalcemic and antihypophosphatemic response on undefined target cells in the gill, intestine, and kidney. They regulate calcium and phosphate in bony fishes

Answer 2

Corpuscles of Stannius

Question 3

Joints in ganoid scales which make them quite inflexible but very protective

Answer 3

peg-and-socket joints

Question 4

“Whiskers” found on the head area of fish such as catfish or bullheads, and are thought to be a sensory organ to help track down prey or food.

Answer 4

Barbels

Question 5

the most derived types of scales

Answer 5

ctenoid and cycloid scales

Question 6

During which geological period did the first known bony fish appear?

Answer 6

Silurian Period

Question 7

Which type of swim bladder is connected to the esophagus, allowing the fish to gulp air to regulate buoyancy?

Answer 7

Physostomous swim bladder

Question 8

Which structural adaptation makes sarcopterygians important in vertebrate evolution?

Answer 8

Lobed fins

Question 9

What is the main function of gill rakers in bony fish?

Answer 9

Filtering, feeding

Question 10

What type of tail is symmetrical and found in most modern bony fish?

Answer 10

Homocercal

Question 11

What are the two subclasses of Osteichthyes?

Answer 11

Subclass Sarcopterygii and Actinopterygii

Question 12

What is the only living species of Crossopterygii?

Answer 12

Latimeria (coelacanth)

Question 13

What is the evolutionary significance of Sarcopterygii?

Answer 13

Ancestors of tetrapods

Question 14

What is the largest order of fish under Actinopterygii?

Answer 14

Order Perciformes

Question 15

Give the two orders under superorder Chondrostei?

Answer 15

• Order Acipenseriformes and
• Order Polypteriformes

Question 16

These fish hatch in saltwater, migrate to freshwater to grow and mature, and return to saltwater to spawn.

Answer 16

Catadromous fish

Question 17

The fish hatch in freshwater, migrate to the ocean to grow and mature then return to freshwater to spawn.

Answer 17

Anadromous fish

Question 18

It was tagged and released off Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, and was recovered off Norfolk Island in the South Pacific.

Answer 18

Black Marlin

Question 19

Many bony fish establish and defend territories to secure resources such as food, mating sites, and shelter. An example of this is male betta fish.

Answer 19

Territoriality

Question 20

As they grow, the larvae transform into ____. At this stage, they start to resemble adult fish but not yet sexually mature.

Answer 20

Juveniles

Question 21

What section of the brain coordinates movement, muscle tone, and balance? Some examples of these bony fishes are the fast-swimming bony fishes such as sailfish and marlin

Answer 21

Hindbrain

Question 22

They are thin, flexible layers of connective tissue that divide the muscle segments, providing structural integrity and allowing for efficient force transfer between segmented blocks of muscle tissue.

Answer 22

Myosepta

Question 23

They are primarily responsible for closing the mouth. They contract to bring the upper and lower jaws together, allowing the fish to bite, grasp, and hold onto prey

Answer 23

Adductors

Question 24

Bony fishes use this technique to maintain a continuous flow of water over their gills. By actively opening and closing their mouths, they force water across the gills, allowing for efficient oxygen uptake.

Answer 24

Buccal pump ventilation

Question 25

In this circulation, the blood passes through only one circuit – where blood is pumped by the heart to the gills for oxygenation, after which the blood flows to the rest of the body and back to the hea

Answer 25

Single Circulatory Loop