BOOK CHAPTER 7 Flashcards
(187 cards)
1
Q
process of growing microorganisms in
culture
A
cultivation
2
Q
artificial environment
a. in vivo
b. in vitro
c. both
A
b
3
Q
infection site
a. in vivo
b. in vitro
c. both
A
a
4
Q
causative agent of syphilis
A
Treponema pallidum
5
Q
causative agent of leprosy
A
Mycobacterium leprae
6
Q
At least of broth are needed for turbidity to be detected with the unaided eye
A
106 bacteria per milliliter
7
Q
Strict anaerobes
will grow at
A
the bottom of the broth tube
8
Q
aerobes
will grow
A
near the surface
9
Q
Microaerophilic organisms will
grow
A
slightly below the surface
10
Q
facultative anaerobes and aerotolerant organisms will
grow
A
throughout the medium
11
Q
the most common solidifying agent
A
agarose
12
Q
agarose can be melted up to
A
95 deg C
13
Q
agarose cooling temp
A
55 to 60 degC
14
Q
The resulting bacterial population is
considered to be derived from a single bacterial cell and is
known as a
A
pure colony
15
Q
one of the first and most important steps required for bacterial identification and characterization
A
The ability to select pure (individual) colonies
16
Q
charcoal yeast extract agar (BCYE) is an example of what media
A
enrichment media
17
Q
this provides l-cysteine for growth of legionella pneumophila
A
charcoal yeast extract agar (BCYE)
18
Q
thioglycollate is used for
A
isolation of anaerobes
19
Q
for selective enrichment of group B streptococci
A
LIM (Todd Hewitt broth containing colistin and nalidix acid broth
20
Q
inhibitory agents
A
dyes, bile salts, alcohols, acids and antibiotics
21
Q
phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar is an example of
A
selective medium
22
Q
phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) contains
A
5 percent sheep’s blood
23
Q
inhibitst the growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods and allows gram-positive cocci to grow
A
phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
24
Q
prolonged incubation of selective media may result in ——– of the selective agent, permitting
contaminating organisms to grow
A
dehydration or evaporation
25
MacConkey agar is an example of
Differential media
26
This is the most
commonly used nutritive medium for diagnostic bacteriology, because it allows many organisms to grow
sheep blood agar
27
several animal tissue sources, added
peptone (protein), phosphate buffer, and a small concentration of dextrose. The carbohydrate provides a readily accessible source of energy for many bacteria
Brain-heart infusion (BHI)
28
red blood cells are lysed when
added to molten agar base
Chocolate agar
29
in Chocolate agar, The cell lysis provides for the
release of intracellular nutrients such as
hemoglobin, hemin
(“X” factor), and the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide (NAD, or “V” factor)
30
chocolate-brown color of chocolate agar is from
red blood cell lysis
31
The most common bacterial pathogens that
require chocolate agar for growth include
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of gonorrhea, and Haemophilus spp.,
32
which cause infections usually involving the
respiratory tract and middle ear
haemophilus spp
33
a nutritionally rich formula containing three peptone sources and 5% defibrinated (whole blood
with fibrin removed to prevent clotting) sheep blood.
Columbia agar base
34
Nutrient agar base with ferric citrate. Hydrolysis of
esculin by group D streptococci imparts a brown
color to medium; sodium deoxycholate inhibits
many bacteria
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Bile esculin azide agar
with vancomycin
d. Bordet-Gengou agar
b
35
Differential isolation and presumptive
identification of group D streptococci
and enterococci
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Bile esculin azide agar
with vancomycin
d. Bordet-Gengou agar
b
36
Contains azide to inhibit gram-negative bacteria,
vancomycin to select for resistant gram-positive
bacteria, and bile esculin to differentiate enterococci from other vancomycin-resistant bacteria
that may grow
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Bile esculin azide agar
with vancomycin
d. Bordet-Gengou agar
c
37
Selective and differential for cultivation of
vancomycin-resistant enterococci from
clinical and surveillance
specimens
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Bile esculin azide agar
with vancomycin
d. Bordet-Gengou agar
c
38
Trypticase soy agar, Brucella agar, or beef heart
infusion with 5% sheep blood
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Bile esculin azide agar
with vancomycin
d. Bordet-Gengou agar
a
39
Cultivation of nonfastidious microorganisms, determination of hemolytic
reactions
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Bile esculin azide agar
with vancomycin
d. Bordet-Gengou agar
a
40
Potato-glycerol–based medium enriched with 15%-
20% defibrinated blood; contaminants inhibited by
methicillin (final concentration of 2.5 µm/mL)
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Bile esculin azide agar
with vancomycin
d. Bordet-Gengou agar
d
41
isolation of Bordetella pertussis and
Bordetella parapertussis
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Bile esculin azide agar
with vancomycin
d. Bordet-Gengou agar
d
42
Dextrose, pork brain, and heart dehydrated infusions
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Brain-heart infusion agar
or broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast
extract agar (BCYE)
c
43
Cultivation of fastidious organisms
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Brain-heart infusion agar or broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
c
44
Yeast extract, agar, charcoal, and salts supplemented with L-cysteine HCl, ferric pyrophosphate, ACES buffer, and alpha-ketoglutarate
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Brain-heart infusion agar or broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
d
45
Enrichment for Legionella spp. Supports the growth of Francisella and Nocardia spp.
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Bile esculin agar (BEA)
c. Brain-heart infusion agar or broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
d
46
BCYE supplemented with polymyxin B, vancomycin,
and ansamycin to inhibit gram-negative bacteria,
gram-positive bacteria, and yeast, respectively
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract (BCYE) agar with antibiotics
c. Brain-heart infusion agar or broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
b
47
Enrichment and selection for Legionella spp.
a. Blood agar (BA)
b. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract (BCYE) agar with antibiotics
c. Brain-heart infusion agar or broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
b
48
Bile salts, gentamicin, ticarcillin, polymyxin B, peptone, yeast extract
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract (BCYE) agar with antibiotics
c. Brain-heart infusion agar or broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
a
49
For recovery of B. cepacia from cystic fibrosis patients
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract (BCYE) agar with antibiotics
c. Brain-heart infusion agar or broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
a
50
Contains vancomycin (10 mg/L), trimethoprim
(5 mg/L), polymyxin B (2500 U/L), amphotericin B
(2 mg/L), and cephalothin (15 mg/L) in a Brucella
agar base with sheep blood
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. Campy-blood agar
c. Campylobacter thioglycollate broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
b
51
Selective for Campylobacter spp.
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. Campy-blood agar
c. Campylobacter thioglycollate broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
b
52
Thioglycollate broth supplemented with increased agar concentration and antibiotics
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. Campy-blood agar
c. Campylobacter thioglycollate broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
c
53
Selective holding medium for recovery of Campylobacter spp. Incubated at 4°C for cold-enrichment
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. Campy-blood agar
c. Campylobacter thioglycollate broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
c
54
Tryptic soy broth with phenyl-ethyl alcohol, 5% sheep blood, and added nutrients
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Campylobacter thioglycollate broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
b
55
Improved growth of obligate, slow growing anaerobes
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Campylobacter thioglycollate broth
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
b
56
Blood-supplemented enrichment medium containing
cefoperazone, vancomycin, and amphotericin to inhibit growth of most gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and yeast, respectively
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Cefoperazone, vancomycin, amphotericin (CVA) medium
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
c
57
Selective medium for isolation of Campylobacter spp.
a. Burkholderia cepacia selective agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Cefoperazone, vancomycin, amphotericin (CVA) medium
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
c
58
Peptone base with yeast extract, mannitol, and bile salts; supplemented with cefsulodin, irgasan, and novobiocin; neutral red and crystal violet indicators
a. Cefsulodin-irgasannovobiocin (CIN) agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Cefoperazone, vancomycin, amphotericin (CVA) medium
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
a
59
Selective for Yersinia spp.; may be useful for isolation of Aeromonas spp.
a. Cefsulodin-irgasannovobiocin (CIN) agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Cefoperazone, vancomycin, amphotericin (CVA) medium
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
a
60
Peptone base, enriched with solution of 2% hemoglobin or IsoVitaleX (BD BBLTM Becton Dickenson, Sparks MD)
a. Cefsulodin-irgasannovobiocin (CIN) agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
c
61
Cultivation of fastidious microorganisms such as Haemophilus spp., Brucella spp. and pathogenic Neisseria spp.
a. Cefsulodin-irgasannovobiocin (CIN) agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Buffered charcoal–yeast extract agar (BCYE)
c
62
Organism-specific nutrient base, selective supplements, and chromogenic substrate
a. Cefsulodin-irgasannovobiocin (CIN) agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
d
63
Designed to optimize growth and differentiate a specific type of organism; routinely used in the identification of yeasts, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and a variety of other organisms
a. Cefsulodin-irgasannovobiocin (CIN) agar
b. CDC* anaerobe 5% sheep blood agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
d
64
Columbia agar base with 10 mg colistin per liter,
15 mg nalidixic acid per liter, and 5% sheep
blood
a. Cefsulodin-irgasannovobiocin (CIN) agar
b. Columbia colistinnalidixic acid (CNA) agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
65
Selective isolation of gram-positive cocci
a. Cefsulodin-irgasannovobiocin (CIN) agar
b. Columbia colistinnalidixic acid (CNA) agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
66
Infusion agar base with 5% sheep blood; reduction of
potassium tellurite by Corynebacterium diphtheriae
produces black colonies
a. Cystine-tellurite blood agar
b. Columbia colistinnalidixic acid (CNA) agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
67
Isolation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae
a. Cystine-tellurite blood agar
b. Columbia colistinnalidixic acid (CNA) agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
68
Peptone base containing lactose; eosin Y and
methylene blue as indicators
a. Eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar (Levine)
b. Columbia colistinnalidixic acid (CNA) agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
69
Isolation and differentiation of lactose fermenting and non–lactose fermenting enteric bacilli
a. Eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar (Levine)
b. Columbia colistinnalidixic acid (CNA) agar
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
70
Peptone-base broth with glucose and mannitol;
sodium citrate and sodium deoxycholate act as
inhibitory agents
a. Eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar (Levine)
b. Gram-negative broth (GN)
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
71
Selective (enrichment) liquid medium for enteric pathogens
a. Eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar (Levine)
b. Gram-negative broth (GN)
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
72
Peptone-base agar with bile salts, lactose, sucrose,
salicin, and ferric ammonium citrate; indicators
include bromthymol blue and acid fuchsin
a. Hektoen enteric (HE) agar
b. Loeffler medium
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
73
Differential, selective medium for the isolation and differentiation of Salmonella and Shigella spp. from other gram-negative enteric bacill
a. Hektoen enteric (HE) agar
b. Loeffler medium
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
74
Animal tissue (heart muscle), dextrose, egg-and-beef
serum, and sodium chloride
a. Hektoen enteric (HE) agar
b. Loeffler medium
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
75
solation and growth of Corynebacterium spp
a. Hektoen enteric (HE) agar
b. Loeffler medium
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
76
Peptone base with lactose; gram-positive organisms
inhibited by crystal violet and bile salts; neutral red
as indicator
a. MacConkey agar
b. Loeffler medium
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
77
Isolation and differentiation of lactose fermenting and non–lactose fermenting enteric bacilli
a. MacConkey agar
b. Loeffler medium
c. Chocolate agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
78
A modification of MacConkey agar in which lactose
has been replaced with D-sorbitol as the primary
carbohydrate
a. MacConkey agar
b. Loeffler medium
c. MacConkey sorbitol agar
d. Chromogenic media
c
79
For the selection and differentiation of E. coli O157:H7 in stool specimens
a. MacConkey agar
b. Loeffler medium
c. MacConkey sorbitol agar
d. Chromogenic media
a
80
Peptone base, mannitol, and phenol red indicator;
salt concentration of 7.5% inhibits most bacteria
a. MacConkey agar
b. Mannitol salt agar
c. MacConkey sorbitol agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
81
Selective differentiation of staphylococci
a. MacConkey agar
b. Mannitol salt agar
c. MacConkey sorbitol agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
82
Peptone agar base with cornstarch, supplemented
with yeast dialysate, 3% hemoglobin, and horse
plasma; antibiotic supplement includes vancomycin (2 µg/mL), colistin (5.5 µg/mL), amphotericin B
(1.2 µg/mL), and trimethoprim (3 µg/mL)
a. MacConkey agar
b. New York City (NYC) agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
83
Selective for Neisseria gonorrhoeae; also supports the growth of Ureaplasma urealyticum and some Mycoplasma spp.
a. MacConkey agar
b. New York City (NYC) agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Chromogenic media
b
84
Nutrient agar base; inhibits growth of gram-negative organisms
a. Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar
b. New York City (NYC) agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Regan Lowe
c
85
Selective isolation of aerobic gram positive cocci and bacilli and anaerobic gram-positive cocci and
gram-negative bacilli
a. Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar
b. New York City (NYC) agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Regan Lowe
c
86
Charcoal agar supplemented with horse blood, cephalexin, and amphotericin B
a. Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar
b. New York City (NYC) agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Regan Lowe
d
87
Enrichment and selective medium for isolation of Bordetella pertussis
a. Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar
b. New York City (NYC) agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Regan Lowe
d
88
Peptone base with lactose, ferric citrate, and sodium
citrate; neutral red as indicator; inhibition of
coliforms by brilliant green and bile salts
a. Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar
b. New York City (NYC) agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Regan Lowe
a
89
Peptone and soy protein base agar with yeast
extract, dextrose, and buffers; addition of hemin,
L-cysteine, and 5% blood enriches for anaerobes
a. Skirrow agar
b. Schaedler agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Streptococcal selective agar - SSA
b
90
Nonselective medium for the recovery of anaerobes and aerobes Selective for Campylobacter spp. and
Helicobacter spp.
a. Skirrow agar
b. Schaedler agar
c. Phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar
d. Streptococcal selective agar - SSA
b
91
Peptone-base broth; sodium selenite toxic for most
Enterobacteriaceae
a. Skirrow agar
b. Schaedler agar
c. Selenite broth
d. Streptococcal selective agar - SSA
c
92
Enrichment of isolation of Salmonella spp
a. Skirrow agar
b. Schaedler agar
c. Selenite broth
d. Streptococcal selective agar - SSA
c
93
Peptone and soy protein–base agar with lysed horse
blood; vancomycin inhibits gram-positive organisms; polymyxin B and trimethoprim inhibit most
gram-negative organisms
a. Skirrow agar
b. Schaedler agar
c. Selenite broth
d. Streptococcal selective agar - SSA
a
94
Selective for Campylobacter spp
a. Skirrow agar
b. Schaedler agar
c. Selenite broth
d. Streptococcal selective agar - SSA
a
95
Contains crystal violet, colistin, and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole in 5% sheep blood agar base
a. Skirrow agar
b. Schaedler agar
c. Selenite broth
d. Streptococcal selective agar - SSA
d
96
Selective for Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus agalactiae
a. Skirrow agar
b. Schaedler agar
c. Selenite broth
d. Streptococcal selective agar - SSA
d
97
Peptone-base broth; iodine and potassium iodide,
bile salts, and sodium thiosulfate inhibit gram-positive organisms and Enterobacteriaceae
a. Thayer-Martin agar (TM) (modified Thayer Martin [MTM])
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Thioglycollate broth
d. Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts (TCBS) agar
b
98
Selective for Salmonella and Shigella spp., except Salmonella enterica Typhi
a. Thayer-Martin agar (TM) (modified Thayer Martin [MTM])
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Thioglycollate broth
d. Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts (TCBS) agar
b
99
Blood agar base enriched with hemoglobin and
supplement B; contaminating organisms inhibited
by colistin, nystatin, vancomycin, and trimethoprim
a. Thayer-Martin agar (TM) (modified Thayer Martin [MTM])
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Thioglycollate broth
d. Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts (TCBS) agar
a
100
Selective for N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis. Supports the growth of Francisella and Brucella spp.
a. Thayer-Martin agar (TM) (modified Thayer Martin [MTM])
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Thioglycollate broth
d. Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts (TCBS) agar
a
101
Pancreatic digest of casein, soy broth, and glucose
enrich growth of most microorganisms; includes
reducing agents thioglycollate, cystine, and
sodium sulfite; semisolid medium with a low
concentration of agar reducing oxygen diffusion
in the medium
a. Thayer-Martin agar (TM) (modified Thayer Martin [MTM])
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Thioglycollate broth
d. Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts (TCBS) agar
b
102
Supports growth of anaerobes, aerobes, microaerophilic, and fastidious microorganisms
a. Thayer-Martin agar (TM) (modified Thayer Martin [MTM])
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Thioglycollate broth
d. Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts (TCBS) agar
c
103
Peptone base agar with yeast extract, bile salts,
citrate, sucrose, ferric citrate, and sodium
thiosulfate; bromthymol blue acts as indicator
a. Thayer-Martin agar (TM) (modified Thayer Martin [MTM])
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Thioglycollate broth
d. Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts (TCBS) agar
d
104
Selective and differential for Vibrio spp
a. Thayer-Martin agar (TM) (modified Thayer Martin [MTM])
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Thioglycollate broth
d. Thiosulfate citrate–bile salts (TCBS) agar
d
105
Supplemented with nalidixic acid and gentamicin or
colistin for greater selectivity; thioglycollate and
agar reduce redox potential
a. Todd-Hewitt broth supplemented with antibiotics (LIM)
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Trypticase soy broth (TSB)
d. Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar
a
106
Selection and enrichment for Streptococcus agalactiae in female genital specimens
a. Todd-Hewitt broth supplemented with antibiotics (LIM)
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Trypticase soy broth (TSB)
d. Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar
a
107
All-purpose enrichment broth that can support the
growth of many fastidious and nonfastidious
bacteria
a. Todd-Hewitt broth supplemented with antibiotics (LIM)
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Trypticase soy broth (TSB)
d. Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar
c
108
Enrichment broth used for subculturing various bacteria from primary agar
plates
a. Todd-Hewitt broth supplemented with antibiotics (LIM)
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Trypticase soy broth (TSB)
d. Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar
c
109
Yeast extract agar with lysine, xylose, lactose,
sucrose, and ferric ammonium citrate; sodium
deoxycholate inhibits gram-positive organisms;
phenol red as indicator
a. Todd-Hewitt broth supplemented with antibiotics (LIM)
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Trypticase soy broth (TSB)
d. Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar
d
110
Isolation and differentiation of Salmonella
and Shigella spp. from other gram negative enteric bacill
a. Todd-Hewitt broth supplemented with antibiotics (LIM)
b. Tetrathionate broth
c. Trypticase soy broth (TSB)
d. Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar
d
111
CNA refers to the antibiotics
colistin and nalidixic
112
disrupts the cell membranes of gram-negative organisms
a. nalidixic
b. colistin
b
113
this aid in blocking DNA replication in susceptible organisms.
a. nalidixic
b. colistin
a
114
a selective broth used for cultivation of gastrointestinal pathogens
Gram negative broth
115
contains bile salts and dyes (bromthymol blue and acid fuchsin)
Hektoen enteric (HE) agar
116
in Hektoen enteric (HE) agar, nonenteric pathogens that do grow will appear as
orange to salmon-colored colonies
117
Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. do not ferment these carbon compounds, so no color change occurs and their colonies maintain the original --------------- color of the medium
blue-green
118
H2S producing organism, what color is the colonies
salmonella, black precipitate
119
most frequently used primary selective and differential agar
McConkey agar
120
pH indicator of mcconkey
phenol red
121
alpha hemolysis in mcconkey agar can be observed in what color of colonies
greenish colonies
122
enrichment and selective medium for the isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of gonorrhea, and Neisseria meningitidis,
Modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) agar
123
in Modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) agar, this inhibit other gram-negative bacteria
a. colistin
b. yeast
c. vancomycin
d. trimethoprim
a
124
in Modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) agar, this inhibit yeast
a. colistin
b. nystatin
c. vancomycin
d. trimethoprim
b
125
in Modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) agar, this inhibit proteus
b. yeast
c. vancomycin
d. trimethoprim
d
126
in Modified Thayer-Martin (MTM) agar, this inhibit other gram-positive bacteria
a. colistin
b. yeast
c. vancomycin
d. trimethoprim
c
127
A further modification, Martin-Lewis agar, substitutes -------- and has a higher concentration of
ansamycin for nystatin
vancomycin
128
in thioglycollate broth, this medium contains ----- to prevent convection currents from carrying atmospheric oxygen throughout the broth
0.075 percent agar
129
in thioglycollate broth, Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacilli generally produce
a. flocculation or clumps
b. diffuse, even growth
c. growth towards surface of broth
d. growth at the bottom of broth
b
130
in thioglycollate broth, Gram-negative, gram-positive cocci produce
a. flocculation or clumps
b. diffuse, even growth
c. growth towards surface of broth
d. growth at the bottom of broth
a
131
in thioglycollate broth, strict aerobic such as pseudomonas produce
a. flocculation or clumps
b. diffuse, even growth
c. growth towards surface of broth
d. growth at the bottom of broth
c
132
in thioglycollate broth, strict anaerobic such as pseudomonas produce
a. flocculation or clumps
b. diffuse, even growth
c. growth towards surface of broth
d. growth at the bottom of broth
d
133
selective and differential for Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp.
xylose-lysine-deoxycholate (XLD) agar
134
in xylose-lysine-deoxycholate (XLD) agar, this salt inhibits many gram-negative bacilli that are not enteric pathogens and inhibits gram-positive organisms.
sodium deoxycholate
135
in xylose-lysine-deoxycholate (XLD) agar, this causes a pH increase that causes the pH indicator turn red.
decarboxylation of lysine
136
in xylose-lysine-deoxycholate (XLD) agar, salmonella colonies often exhibit ----- due to H2S
black center
137
in xylose-lysine-deoxycholate (XLD) agar, Several of the nonpathogenic organisms ferment one or more of the sugars and produce
yellow colonies
138
The timing of autoclave sterilization should start from the moment the temperature reaches ----- and usually requires a minimum of ------.
121 deg C; 15 mins
139
Once the sterilization cycle is completed, molten agar is allowed to cool to approximately ------ before being distributed to individual petri plates
50 degC
140
membrane filters with pores size range
0.2 to 0.45 um in diameter
141
The four most critical environmental factors to consider include
oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2) availability, temperature, pH, and moisture content of the medium
142
strictly aerobic
Pseudomonas spp., members of the Neisseriaceae family, Brucella spp., Bordetella spp., and Francisella spp
143
Campylobacter jejuni is able to grow at
42 degC
144
Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica, can grow at ------ but grow best at temperatures between -----------------.
4°C to 43°C; 20° and 40°C
145
Most clinically relevant bacteria prefer a near-neutral pH range, from
6.5 to 7.5.
146
a major constituent of both agar and
broth media.
water
147
Once inoculated with patient specimens, most media are placed in incubators with temperatures maintained between -------
35°C and 37°C
148
humidified atmospheres should contain
3 to 5 percent CO2
149
Most bacteria encountered in routine bacteriology will grow within -----
24 to 48 hours.
150
if a lower count of bacteria may be present, such as a suprapubic aspiration, a ------ may be needed to identify the lower count of organisms.
10 uL loop
151
The initial interpretation of the specimen cultivation is also known as
primary plate reading
152
McConkey agar is inhibitory to
gram-positive
153
Yeast and some gram positive cocci are capable of limited growth on -------
MacConkey agar.
154
criteria on colony morphology includes;
colony size, pigmentation, shape, surface appearance, changes in agar and odor
155
The tests and the order in which they are used for organism identification are often referred to as an
identification scheme or workup of the organism.
156
identification schemes can be based on
genotype and phenotype characteristics
157
fluorescent antibody test can be done on
legionella pneumophilia
158
refers to the percentage of patients without disease that will test negative for the presence of the organism.
a. specificity
b. sensitivity
a
159
indicates the percentage of patients in whom the organism is present who actually test positive.
a. specificity
b. sensitivity
b
160
fruity/grape like smell
pseudomonas aeruginosa
161
c. jejuni can withstand what temperature
42 degC
162
gram positive bacteria are susceptible to vancomycin except
P- pediococcus
E- enterococcus
L- lactobacillus
L- leukonostoc
163
Any zone of inhibition around a vancomycin impregnated disk after overnight incubation is usually indicative of a gram -------
-positive bacterium
164
gram-negative bacteria are resistant to vancomycin except
C- chryseobacterium
A- acinetobacter
M- moraxella
165
most gram ----- bacteria are susceptible to the antibiotics colistin or polymyxin
negative
166
gram ------ bacteria are typically resistant to colistin or polymyxin
postive
167
test that can provide information for gram-positive identifications
catalase test
168
test that can provide information for gram-negative identifications
oxidase
169
---------------- participates in electron transport and in the nitrate metabolic pathways of certain bacteria.
Cytochrome oxidase
170
Prolonged incubation of urea agar may result in ------ reactions because of the hydrolysis of proteins in the medium
false positive
171
test for e.coli, color of positive result
indole test, pink-red
172
Oxidation-fermentation determinations are usually accomplished by using a --------
special semisolid medium
173
SINGLE CHO substrate used in OF
glucose
174
common pH indicators used in O-F tests
bromcresol purple; purple - yellow
andrade's acid fuchsin; pale yellow - pink
phenol red; red - yellow
bromthymol blue; green - yellow
175
enterobacteriaceae
a. oxidative
b. fermentative
b
176
pseudomonas
a. oxidative
b. fermentative
a
177
an anaerobic process that
requires an acid environment for activation.
a. deamination
b. decarboxylation
b
178
the cleavage of the amine group from an amino acid, occurs in air
a. deamination
b. decarboxylation
a
179
medium is a combination medium used for the identification of decarboxylation and deamination in a single tube
lysine iron agar
180
Organisms capable of dextrose fermentation will produce acid resulting in a
yellow butt
181
capable of deaminating lysine in the presence of oxygen, resulting in a red color change on the slant of the medium
proteus
182
Growth in the presence of various NaCl concentrations
enterococci and vibrio
183
Susceptibility to optochin and solubility in bile
s. pneumoniae
184
Ability to hydrolyze esculin in the presence of bile
enterococci
185
Ethanol survival
bacillus
186
the time required for a bacterial population to double
generation time
187
generation time of clinically relevant bacteria
20-30 mins
