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Certified exams 2022 > Bordeaux > Flashcards

Bordeaux Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two major areas of Medoc

A
  • Bas - Medoc ( Lower)
  • Haut-Medoc (Upper)
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2
Q

Wines labeled “Appellation Mèdoc Controlèe were made from what part of Mèdoc?

A

Châteaux in Bas-Mèdoc

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3
Q

What is the dominant grape of Mèdoc

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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4
Q

How are high quality wines from Haut Medoc labeled?

A

Appellation Haut-Medoc Contrôlèe

Note:
Are often high quality wines

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5
Q

What are the communes of Haut - Medoc?

A

From north to south

  • St. Estèphe
  • Pauillac
  • St. Julien
  • Listrac
  • Moulis
  • Margaux
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6
Q

What is the main soil type of Medoc?

A

Mainly gravelly with some deposits of limestone and clay

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7
Q

What is the most grown grape in Bordeax?

A

Merlot

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8
Q

What are the red grape varietals of Bordeaux?

A
  • Merlot
    -Cabernet Sauvignon
    -Cabernet Franc
  • Petit Verdot
  • Malbec
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9
Q

What is the main white grape varitials in Bordeaux?

A
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Semillion
  • Muscadelle
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10
Q

Refer the newest grapes that have introduced by INAO and why

A

Red
Arinarnoa
Castets
Marselan
Touriga Nacional

White
Alvarinho
Petit Manseng
Liliorila

*suitable for their ability to handle water stress
*later ripening.

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11
Q

What commune in Bordeaux is known to being the most important appellation in all of Bordeaux

A

Paulliac

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12
Q

What are the five 1st Growth Classification Wines of 1855?

A
  • Chateau Latour
  • Château Lafite - Rothchild
  • Château Mouton - Rothschild
  • Château Margeux
    -Château Haut - Brion
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13
Q

State the regulation for the new grapes from INAO

A
  • limited to just 5% of an estate’s total surface area.
  • no more than 10% of the blend in either red or white wines.

-only for Bordeaux AOP and Bordeuax Superieur AOP

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14
Q

What is the smallest commune in Haut Medoc?

A

St. Julien

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15
Q

What are boulbenes?

A

The mixture of sand, gravel, and light clay soil. This takes place in Graves

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16
Q

What are the 3 major bodies of water in Bordeaux

A

-Gironde

  • Dordogne
  • Garonne
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17
Q

What area in the Left Bank is known for its sweet white wines?

A

Sauternes,Barsac,Cerons

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18
Q

What is the fungus that is very popular on grapes in Sauternes and Barsac that helps produces sweet white wines?

A

Botrytis Cinerea

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19
Q

What grape gets Botrytis Cinerea the most in Bordeaux and why?

A

Semillion and because it’s a thin skinned grape that contains a lot of sugar

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20
Q

What causes Noble Rot?

A

1) Soil : comabination of clay, gravel and sand over a bed of deep limestone

2) Climate : The location attracts morning mists which are cause by the humidity generated by the cold watres of Ciron and the nearby pine forests. In the warm afternoon, the mists are blown away by the dry winds generated by the warmer Garonne, which dry the grapes off and prevent grey rot developing. Gentle rain can help too.

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21
Q

What is the white wine that is made in Pessac - Lèognan?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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22
Q

What is the soil type in the right bank?

A

Clayish with lismestone

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23
Q

What is the main grapes of the right bank?

A

Merlot - the main grape

Cabernet Franc - is also a leading grape

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24
Q

What appellations in the right bank make white wines and refer the grapes

A

Côte de Blaye and Côte de Bourg

Colombard, Ugni Blanc

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25
Blanc label of chateau Mouton Rothschild
Mouton Rothschild Aile d'Argent
26
Other red wines of the right bank?
Canon - Fronsac Fronsac Lalande - de - Pomperol
27
What is the smallest commune of all the quality communes in Right Bank?
Pomerol
28
What is the major grape grown in Pomerol?
Merlot
29
What is the top château in Pomerol?
Château Pètrus
30
What is the main grape of Saint Èmilion?
Merlot
31
True or False Saint Èmilion was apart of the 1855 Classification?
False - due to being left out Saint Èmilion created its own appellation, Appellation Saint Èmilion Grand Cru Contrôlèe"
32
What are the top producers in Saint Emilion?
Château Cheval Blanc Chateau Pavi Chateau Angelus Château Ausone Chateau Figeac
33
What does Entre - Deux - Mers mean?
Between the Seas
34
What type wines are exclusively sold in Entre - Deux - Mers?
Dry white wines
35
What is the dominant grape in Entre De Mers?
Sauvignon Blanc
36
True or False Sauternes are made every year?
False - Sauternes are made only during the best vintage years. During bad vintages the wines are sold off to other producers
37
Name an important Château in Sauternes?
Château d'YQuem
38
What bank is Sauternes located?
Left Bank
39
Refer the soils of Pomerol
Sandy/gravel and clay to the east Sand with crasse de fer ironstone to the west
40
What are the main areas set off of the Dordogne River
Saint Emilion Pomerol Fronsac Surrounding Appellations
41
What appellations set on the right bank of the Gironde River
Blaye Bourg
42
What is the vast stretch of land between the Garonne River and Dordogne River
Entre - Deux - Mers
43
What is the climate of Bordeaux
Maritime
44
What area in France receives the most rainfall
Medoc - Annual rainfall is 950mm
45
What are usually the driest months of Bordeaux
July and August
46
What parallel runs just north of Bordeaux
45th parallel
47
Why is the Atlantic Gulf Stream Current important to Bordeaux
It brings warm water up from the Caribbean, keeping the climate mild
48
What is Bordeaux most planted white grape
Semillon
49
What is the synonym for Cabernet Franc on the right bank
Bouchet
50
What is the original name of Malbec
Pressac Noir
51
What are the synonyms for Malbec and the location of these names
Côt - west France Pressac - Bordeaux right bank around Lisbourne
52
What grape is the only grape that uses the spur training method
Sémillon
53
2nd and 3rd label of Chateau Mouton Rothschild
Le Petit Mouton de Mouton Rothschild Baron Nathaniel
54
How many châteaux were chosen in the classification of 1855 and how many categories was it
57 - 5 categories called Grand Cru Classé
55
How many Sauternes were chosen for their classification and how were they divided
21 - 3 categories - second Crus - premier Crus - Premier Cru Supérior
56
What were the original 4 châteaux chosen for the classification of 1855
Latour Lafite Margeaux Haute - Brion
57
What château received the Premier Cru Supérieur
Château d'Yquem
58
What date was the classification of 1855 official
April 18, 1855
59
When was château Mouton Rothschild upgraded to a first growth
1973
60
What is most common vine training system in Bordeaux and why
Vertical in the Guyot system - produces larger berries
61
What is the common style of guyot system used in the left bank
Double
62
What is the most common guyot training system used in the right bank
Simple
63
What type of training system is used for Sauternes and why
Cordon Training - produces slightly smaller berries that attract botrytis
64
What disease is common with using the guyot cane training
Grey Rot
65
What is the common spacing in Médoc
1 x 1 meters
66
What is the common spacing in Saint Émilion and Pomerol
1.3 - 1.5 meters
67
What is the vine per hectors requirement for the left bank
7,000 Vines per hectare
68
What is the vine per Hectare in Saint Emilion and Pomerol
5,500 Vines per Hectare
69
What is the common spacing of Vines in Entre Deux Mers
Up to 2.5 meters
70
Is chaptalization allowed in Bordeaux
Yes
71
What type of barrel is used to age. Bordeaux red wines
New french oak barriques
72
What is the barrique size in Bordeaux
225 liters
73
What is cliquage
A controversial form on micro oxygenation when small doses of oxygen are applied to the finished wine in barrel
74
When does bottling typically occurs in Bordeaux
April
75
Where are the best vineyards and châteaux located in Médoc
Haut Medoc
76
What physical feature in Médoc shields the region's vineyards from Atlantic weather and winds
Landes Forest
77
Second label of chateau Lafite Rothschild
Carruades de Lafite
78
Where are wines labeled Medoc AOP located
Bas Medoc
79
How many classified estates does Saint Estèphe have
5 Second Growths Château Cos d'Estournel Château Montrose Third Growths Château Calon-Ségur Fourth Growths Château Lafon-Rochet Fifth Growths Château Cos Labory
80
What château marks the northern boundary of Paulliac
Château Lafite Rothschild
81
What château makes up the southern boundary of Paulliac
Château Latour
82
What is the second label of Château Léoville Las Cases
Le Petis Lion du Marquis de Las Cases Le Petite Marquis Clos du Marquis
83
What is the second label for Château Léoville Poyferré
Pavillon de Leoville Poyferre Chateau Moulin Riche(2002-2003)
84
Refer the second growths of Pauillac and their second labels
Chateau Pichon Longueville (Baron) -Les Tourelles de Pichons -Les Griffons de Pichon Baron (also second label since 2012) Chateau Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande -Pichon Comtesse Reserve -Les Gartieux de PIchon Lalande
85
State the second growths of St Estepshe and their second labels
Chateau Montrose -Le Dame de Montrose -Tierto de Montrose ( only in selected vintages) Chateau Cos d'Estournel -Les Bagodes de Cos
86
What is the smallest Commune in Médoc
Saint Julien
87
What Commune has the most châteaux in the 1855 Classification
Margaux with 21
88
What is the second label of Chateau Haut Brion and the white label
Le Clarence de Haut Brion Le Clarte de Haut Brion
89
How many communes make up Margaux
5 Soussans Margaux Cantenac Labarde Arsac
90
What are the second growths of Margaux
Chateau Rauzen Segla Chateau Rauzen Gassies Chateau Chateau Durfort Vivens Chateau Lascombes Chateau Brane Canteanc
91
What is the white wine that château Margaux makes and what classification does it fall under
Pavilion Blanc du Château Margaux - Bordeaux AOC
92
What classification does Château Palmer fall under
3rd growth Classification
93
Refer the third growths of St julien and their second labels
Chateau Lagrange -Les Fies de Lagrands Blanc: Le Arum de Lagrange Chateau Langoa Barton -Chateau Lady Langoa
94
What are the 2 Grand Cru Classé A for Saint Emilion Classification
Château Figeac Château Pavie
95
When did the Saint Emilion Classification become into existence and was completed
1955 1958
96
This appellation was granted in 1938 and is located on the western edge of the Grand Poujeaux croupe with Saint Julien
Moulis
97
Are there any classified wines in Moulis AOP
No
98
Moulis AOP two leading Châteaux
Château Chasse - Spleen Château Poujeaux
99
What was the last commune to achieve AOC status in the left bank and in which year
Listrac - 1957
100
How many classifications does Medoc have and what are they
1855 Classification Cru Bourgeois Cru Artisan
101
when Cru Artisan classification was re-established and how mnay chateaux consist
2005 36
102
How many tiers are there to the Cru Bourgeois Classification and what are they
Cru Bourgeois Cru Bourgeois Supérieur Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel
103
What physical feature separates Graves from the Atlantic Ocean
The Landes Forest
104
What is the main soil of Graves
Gravel with some sand and marine deposits rich in carbonates
105
What is the main soil type of Northern Graves
Gravel croupes
106
What is the main soil type of Southern Graves
Sand and limestone
107
What are the two regional AOPs of Graves
Graves AOP Graves Supérieur AOP
108
What type of wines are made in Graves Supérior AOP
Sweet Whites Only
109
When did the Graves Classification come into existence
In 1953 at the request of INAO Ratified in 1958 and modified in 1959
110
What type of wines can be apart of the Graves Classification
Reds and Whites
111
What is the top category for the Graves Classification
Cru Classé
112
How many châteaux were added to the Graves Classification of 1959
16 - 7 received Cru Classé status - 3 for white - 6 for both red and white
113
What château split in 1968 into two changing the total number of Châteaux apart of the Graves Classification from 15 to 16
Château Couhins
114
When was Pessac Léognan AOC founded
1987
115
These are the 10 communes of what AOC: Mérignac Talence Pessac Gradignan Villenave-d'Ornon Cadaujac Léognan Martillac Canéjan Saint-Médard-d'Eyrans
Pessac - Léognan AOC
116
What are the main grapes of Pessac - Léognan
Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot
117
What is the only first growth of of Pessac Léognan
Château Haut Brion
118
What is the main grape of Château Haut Brion
Merlot but most of their wines are Cabernet Sauvignon base blends
119
What is noble Rot called in France
Pourriture Rot
120
Barsac Preignac Bommes Fargues Sauternes These are the 5 communes for what AOC
Sauternes
121
What are the main two rivers of Sauternes AOC
Ciron River Garonne River
122
Is new oak used for the sweet wines of Sauternes
Yes, new French Oak Barriques
123
Is chaptalization allowed in Sauternes AOC
Yes
124
What is the largest Commune of production in Sauternes
Barsac
125
Cérons Podensac Illats These are the 3 communes of what French AOC
Cérons AOC
126
What type of wines are made in Cérons AOP
Sweet whites Red wines Dry white wines
127
If a wine is a dry white or red wine from Cérons AOC how would it be labeled
Graves AOC
128
When was the Cérons AOC created
1936
129
How many AOPs make up the right bank
10 Fronsac Canon - Fronsac Lalande - de - Pomerol Pomerol St - Emilion Castillon Côtes de Bordeaux Montagne - St Émilion Puisseguin - St Émilion St - Georges - St - Émilion
130
3rd label of Chateau Latour
Le Pauilliac de Latour
131
Where did Château Ausone get its name from
The poet Ausonius who lived in Saint Émilion
132
Liborne Saint Christophe des Bardes Saint Émilion Saint Étienne de Lisse Saint Hippolyte Saint Laurent - des - Combes Saint - Pey - d'Armens Saint Sulpice - de - Faleyrens Vignonet These are the nine communes for what AOP
Saint Émilion AOP
133
Where are the historic growing areas of Saint Émilion AOP
On the slopes (Côtes) of limestone plateau near the commune of Saint Émilion
134
What is the difference between Saint Émilion AOP and Saint Émilion Grand Cru AOP
Saint Émilion Grand Cru AOP must be Estate bottled unlike Saint Émilion AOP which can be blended and bottles by a négociant - Saint Émilion Grand Cru AOP requires lower maximum yields and longer élevage - Saint Émilion Grand Cru estates are usually located on limestone Côtes and Saint Émilion AOP is located in the river plain
135
Château Beauséjour (Duffau-Lagarrosse) Château Beau-Séjour Bécot Château Bélair-Monange Château Canon Château Canon-la-Gaffelière Château Figeac Clos Fourtet Château La Gaffelière Château Larcis Ducasse La Mondotte Château Pavie-Macquin Château Troplong Mondot Château Trotte Vieille Château Valandraud These are the 14 estates for what classification
Saint Émilion Classification - Premier Classé B
136
What are the key physical features of Pomerol
Barbanne River Isle River The city of Libourne
137
What is the only château in Bordeaux wine to be classified twice
Château Haut Brion 1855 Classification Graves Classification of 1959
138
All of the Graves Classification wines are located where in Bordeaux
Pessac - Léognan
139
How many times does the harvest take place in Chateau D'Yquem?
eight or nine times typically in September and sometimes continuing until November
140
State the difference between Sauternes and Barsac concerning the quality of the wines
Sauternes village is slightly hillier, which increases the effectes of the mists leads to more richly botrytized wines. Barsac's flatter san and limestone soils create finer, fresher and elegantly flavoured wines.
141
State the differnce between Sauternes and Cerons
The heavier clay content in the soils in Cerons means more consistent temperatures and thus less change of the moring mists plus flatter landscape.
142
What is the "crass de fer"
It is a kind of very firm and stony blend of earth and metal with high content of iron oxide, which gives the wines a very characteristic flavour of something fat and metal, which many associate with truffle.
143
Refer the three styles of soils in St Emillon
1) Limestone PLateau :Rich calcareous clay soil on hard limestone bedrock 2) The slopes: A) Higher slopes: Rich calcareous clay soil on soft limestone bedrock B) Lower slopes : Well drained sandy soils 3)Flats : Gravel
144
Famous Pomerol Chateaux
 Chateau Petrus  Chateau Le Pin  Chateau Lafleur Petrus  Chateau Lafleur  Vieux Chateau Certan  Chateau Certan  Chateau Certan de May  Chateau Conseillante  Chateau L’Eglise Clinet  Chateau Latour a Pomerol  Chateau L’Evangile  Chateau Trotanoy
145
Famous Chateaux of lalande de Pomerol (1954)
• Chateau La Fleur de Bouard (Le Plus) • Chateau de Chambrun (Le Bourg) • Chateau L’Eglise Clinet • Chateau Les Cruzelles • Chateau Siaurac • Chateau La Graviere
146
Refer the 2 Aops of Haut Benauge
1) Bordeaux Haut Benauge ( botrytized and moelleux wines) 2) Entre Deux Mers Haut Benauge (dry white wines from Semillon, Sauv.Blanc,Muscadelle)
147
Famous Chateau of Cotes de Bourg
Roc de Cambes
148
What are the are the four inland parcels for Le Forts de latour
L'Enclos Pinada Petit Batailley St Anna
149
Bordeaux left bank classic vintages
2000,2003,2005,2009,2010,2015,2016, 2018
150
Sauternes classic vintages
2001,2003,2005,2009, 2010,2011,2013,2014,2015
151
What are the major frosts of Bordeaux
1956,1991,2017
152
When cru Bourgeois classification was established and updated. Refer the number of the chateaux after the update
1932,2003 247
153
When cru Bourgeois classification was reverted. State the after number of the chateaux
2007 444
154
When cru Bourgeois classification was finally returned
2018
155
Third growth of St Estephe
Chateau Calon Segur
156
third growths of Margaux
Chateau Kirwan Chateau d'Issan Chateau Giscours Chateau Malescot St-Exupery Chateau Boy-Cantenac Chateau Cantena-Brown Chateau Palmer Chateau Desmirail Chateau Ferriere Chateau Marquis d'Alesme Becker
157
Haut Medoc Third growth
Chateau La Lagune
158
St Estephe fourth Growth
Chateau Lafon-Rochet
159
Paulliac fourth growth
Chateau Duart Milon Rothschild
160
St Julien fourth Growth
Saint-Pierre Talbot Braniere-Ducru Beychevelle
160
St Julien fourth Growth
Chateau Saint-Pierre Chateau Talbot Chateau Braniere-Ducru Chateau Beychevelle
161
Margaux fourth Growth
Chateau Pouget Chateau Prieure-Lichine Chateau Marquis de Terme
162
Haut Medoc fourth growth
Chateau La Tour carnet
163
St estphe fifth growth
Chateau Cos Labory
164
Margaux fifth growth
Chateau Dauzac Chateau DuTetre
165
Haut Medoc Fifth Growth
Chateau Belgrave Chateau de Camensac Chateau Cantemerle

Certified exams 2022 (24 decks)

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