Botony Flashcards
(23 cards)
Bryophytes
-mosses, ect
-non-vascular, no seeds, no flowers/fruit
-oldest
Pteridophytes
- second oldest
-grow in moist shady places
-vascular
-no seeds, no flowers/fruit
Gymnosperm
-thirds group
- has seeds, has vascular
Angiosperm
-4th group
- most diversity due to adaptive reproduction features
- has vascular, seeds, flowers and fruits
-flowers contain ovaries
-fruit protect seed and disperse them
Dicot
- in seed: 2 cotyleden
-4/5 floral part
-net like aray of leaf veins
-vascular bundles array as ring around stems
Monocots
- In seeds: 1 cotyleden
- 3 floral parts
- parallel array of leaf veins
- vascular bundles distributed around tissue of stem
Meristem
undifferentiated cells (preform mitosis)
adult tissue
differentiated cell
Ground tissue
-adult tissue
carry out metabolic process and provide physical support
Dermal tissue
-adult tissue
protect plant and interact with environment
vascular tissue
- adult tissue
transport water, minerals, and support a plant body against mechanical stresses.
Parenchyma Tissue
- ground tissue
- photosynthesis, food strage, healing/tissue regeneration
-parenchyma cells
Collenchyma Tissue
- ground tissue
-support in young stems, roots, petiole
-collenchyma cells
Sclerenchyma Tissue
-ground tissue
-rigid support, protection
-sclereid/ fiber cells
Primary growth
- growing taller
Roots vs. stems
-Root: have root hair, vascular cylinder (NOT BUNDLE),epidermis
-Stems: vascular bundles, epidermis
secondary growth
- growth in width
- due to differentiation of lateral meristem
- herbious plants dont have (leaves)
Xylem
- transport of water/minerals from soil to plant
- composed of fibers, parenchyma, conducting cells
Xylem forces
- negative pressure
1. Root pressure pushes water up.
2. Capillary action draws water up within the xylem.
3. Cohesion-tension pulls water up the xylem.
Cohesion-tension model
- transpiration (water loss) at leaves
- tension in water column extends from leaves to roots
- water/minerals are pulled through xylem vessels
- more absorption in roots
adhesion
tendency for water molecules to stick to other hydrophilic molecules like cellulose
cohesion
tendency for water molecules to stick together, so moving water pulls surrounding water
Phloem
conduct sugars produces through photosynthesis to the plants
- made of fibers, parenchyma, seive tube member, conducting cells, compainion cells
