what scale is used in dairy cattle
1-5
T/F if the line is a flattened V over the thurl the cow is
true
a crescent would mean >3.25
T/F if sacral and tailed ligaments are visible the BCS = 3.25
true
if barely visible = 3.5
if tailed not = 3.75
if neither = 4.0
T/F if hooks rounded BCS
false = 3.0
if angular
T/F if no fat pad on pins BCS >2.5
F,
T/F if thurl flat BCS >4.0
True
if all boney prominences well rounded = 5
T/F Milk intake peaks before feed intake does and as BCS troughs
T
as BCS increases the cow decreases intake and becomes dry
When do you usually see fatty liver syndrome
2 wks prepartum-10 wks postpartum
What predisposes a cow to fatty liver syndrome
obesity with a long dry period or access to increased nutrients - but disease associated with weight loss
What will you see on the hemogram of a cow with fatty liver
leukopenia with degenerative left shift and incased liver enzymes
which forms of tx are not useful if the liver is not functioning for fatty liver dx
fructose, Propylene glycol or sodium propionate
T/F you can see hypocalcemia with ketosis
true
tx for ketosis is?
give steroids to stimulate gluconeogenesis
prevention for ketosis
increase dry matter intake, feed high quality forages and min negative energy balance after calving
T/F pregnancy toxemia is common in dairy cattle
false - beef and small ruminants
Cause of milk fever
rapid onset of milk production causes acute depletion of Ca
1st stage of milk fever is…
very short near - hypersenstivity
2nd stage of milk fever is…
sternal recumbency with low temp, bloat
3rd stage of milk fever is…
flaccid muscle in lateral recumbency, coma
how long does the response to treatment for milk fever take
immediate if it is going to work
give Ca borogluconate IV slowly or PO if can swallow-keep them down
prevent of milk fever
feed anionic salts during the dry period= DCAD should be - in dry and + during lactation
give paste during calving and no alfalfa or legume during dry period
what kind of cows are most likely affected by hypophosphatemia
grazing cow-young and heavily lactating
when do you see postpartum hemoglobinuria with hypophosphatemia?
postpartum within 6 wks after calving
CS in young animals with hypophos
rickets
CS in adults with hypophos
osteomalacia, spontaneous fractures, hemoglobinuria
Tx for hypophos
sodium acid phosphate IV
when do you hypomag?
cattle fed on lush green during cool growing season
CS for hypomag
hyper excitable, staggering to recumbency, nystagmus, salivation
T/F can see hypocalcemia and hypophos with hypomag
true
tx for hypomag
magnesium hypo phosphate, Ca PO - can prevent with supplements
Def’n of Downer cow
stays in sternal recumbency for >24 hours after being found
lateral = dead
normal CS
Downer cow associated with what risk factors
milk fever BCS @ calving - large high production hx 5-8 yrs
What will you see on blood panel of downer cow
AST, CPK high
proteinuria, myoglobinuria, ketonuria
When do you see lymphosarcoma with spinal involvment
around parturition due to increase of steroids which increase tumor growth
Two grave prognosticators of Downer syndrome
rise in CPK and BUN
Very important prevention of Downer cow
prevent hypoCa
