Brachial Plexus Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
what does it supply
A
upper extremities
2
Q
what is it formed by
A
anterior primary rami of C5-T1
3
Q
it can also receive fibers from
A
C4 and/or T2
4
Q
where does it travel
A
laterally over rib 1, into the axilla; medial to lateral
5
Q
roots combine into
A
trunks
6
Q
trunks divide into
A
divisions
7
Q
divisions combine to form
A
cords
8
Q
cords divide into
A
terminal nerves
9
Q
each root receives a ____ from the sympathetic trunk
A
gray rams communicans
10
Q
what muscles do the roots pass between
A
anterior and middle scalene into the posterior triangle
11
Q
roots are posterior and superior to the ___
A
subclavian artery
12
Q
roots of C5 and C6 combine to form the
A
superior trunk
13
Q
roots of C7 forms the
A
middle trunk
14
Q
roots of C8 and T1 combine to form the
A
inferior trunk
15
Q
trunks pass over rib 1 into the
A
axilla
16
Q
each trunk splits into an
A
anterior and posterior division
17
Q
anterior divisions will supply
A
anterior compartments
18
Q
what do the posterior divisions supply
A
posterior compartments of the arm and forearm
19
Q
cords are named in relationship to the
A
axillary artery
20
Q
what is the lateral cord formed by
A
anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks
21
Q
the lateral cords contains fibers from
A
C5-C7
22
Q
what does the lateral cord lie lateral to
A
second part of the axillary artery
23
Q
what is the medial cord formed by
A
anterior division of the inferior trunk
24
Q
the medial cord contains fibers from
A
C8-T1
25
what does the medial cord lie medial to
second part of the axillary artery
26
what is the posterior cord formed by
union of the posterior division of all 3 trunks
27
the posterior cord contains fibers from
C5-T1
28
what does the posterior cord lie posterior to
second part of the axillary artery
29
roots of the dorsal scapular nerve
C5
30
what muscles does the dorsal scapular nerve supply
levator scapula, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor
31
what supplies the elevator scapula
C5 and C3-C4
32
what forms the long thoracic nerve
C5-C7
33
what muscle does the long thoracic nerve supply
serratus anterior
34
what nerves are formed from the roots of the brachial plexus
dorsal scapular and long thoracic
35
what nerves are formed from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus
supra scapular and nerve to the subclavius
36
what fibers form the suprascapular nerve
C5-C6
37
what does the suprascapular nerve supply
supraspinatus and infraspinatus
38
what fibers form the nerve to the subclavius
C5-C6
39
what muscle does the nerve to the subclavius supply
subclavius
40
what nerves are formed from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus
lateral pectoral and musculocutaneous
41
what fibers form the lateral pectoral nerve
C5-C7
42
what muscle does the lateral pectoral nerve supply
pectorals major- also supplied by medial pectoral nerve
43
what fibers form the musculocutaneous nerve
C5-C7
44
what muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve supply
coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and the brachialis
45
what nerve pierces the belly of the coracobrachialis
coracobrachialis
46
the musculocutaneous nerve travels into the forearm to form the
lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm
47
what does the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm supply
skin over the lateral aspect of the forearm
48
what nerves are from the medial cord of the brachial plexus
medial pectoral, medial cutaneous nerve of the arm, medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, ulnar nerve and median nerve
49
what fibers form the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
C8-T1
50
what does the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm supply
skin of the medial arm between the axilla and the elbow
51
the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm also receives some fibers from T2 through a communication with the
intercostobrachial nerve
52
what fibers form the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm
C8-T1
53
the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm leaves the medial cord just distal to the
medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
54
what does the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm supply
skin over the biceps brachii and the skin over the anterior and medial aspects of the forearm proximal to the wrist
55
what fibers form the ulnar nerve
C8-T1 and sometimes C7
56
the ulnar nerve travels medial to the ___, in the medial bicipital sulcus
brachial artery
57
does the ulnar nerve give off branches in the arm
no
58
where does the ulnar nerve cross
on the posterior side of the medial epicondyle
59
what muscle does the ulnar nerve travel between
the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris
60
what muscles does the ulnar nerve supply
flexor carpi ulnari and medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus
61
what does the ulnar nerve supply
dorsal branch and palmar branch
62
what does the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve supply
skin on the ulnar side of the posterior hand
63
what does the palmar branch of the ulnar nerve supply
skin over the hypothenar eminence
64
what is the pathway of the ulnar nerve
travels deep to the flexor carpi ulnas to the wrist, passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum, and divides into two branches
65
what do the 3 terminal branches of the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve supply
palmar aspect of the little finger and medial half of the ring finger
66
what muscles does the deep branch of the ulnar nerve supply
abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi, adductor pollicus, deep head of the flexor pollicis brevis, all interossei, and lumbricals 3 and 4
67
what clinical considerations of the ulnar nerve cause
claw (ape) hand and carpal tunnel syndrome
68
what forms the median nerve
lateral and medial cords
69
what fibers form the median nerve
C6-T1
70
where does the median nerve travel
through the arm in the medial bicipital sulcus
71
does the median nerve give off branches in the arm
no
72
what is the pathway of the median nerve
crosses the elbow on the anterior side, enters the forearm after passing between the heads of the pronator teres
73
what muscles does the median nerve supply
pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, pronator quadratus, flexor pollicus longus, and the lateral bellies of the flexor digitorum profundus
74
the median nerve supplies muscles of the forearm by way of
anterior interosseous nerve of the forearm
75
the ___ branch of the median nerve is given off in the distal third of the forearm
palmar
76
what does the palmar branch supply
skin of the thenar eminence, lateral wrist and palm
77
the ulnar nerve passes through the carpal tunnel and divides into 3 ___
common palmar digital nerves
78
what muscles does the first common palmar digital nerve supply
abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis
79
each common palmar digital nerve splits into 2 ___
proper palmar digital nerves
80
what do the proper palmar digital nerves supply
skin over the lateral 3 and a half digits anteriorly and lateral 2 and a half digits posteriorly
81
what else does the median nerve supply
periosteum, elbox, radoiocarpal and midcarpal joints, and communicates with the ulnar nerve at the wrist
82
what clinical considerations can the median nerve cause
hand of oath/benediction, carpal tunnel syndrome, unable to pronate
83
what nerves are given off from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
superior subscapular, thoracodorsal, inferior sub scapular, axillary and radial nerves
84
what fibers form the superior subscapular nerve
C5-C6
85
what muscle does the superior subscapular nerve supply
subscapularis
86
what fibers form the thoracodorsal nerve
C6-C8
87
what muscle does the thoracodorsal nerve supply
latissimus dorsi
88
what fibers form the inferior subscapular nerve
C5-C6
89
what muscles does the inferior subscapular nerve supply
subscapularis and teres major
90
what fibers form the axillary nerve
C5-C6
91
what muscles does the axillary nerve supply
deltoid and teres minor
92
what nerve supplies the sensory portion of the deltoid
superior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm
93
what else does the superior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm supply
skin over the lateral shoulder and upper arm
94
what fibers form the radial nerve
C5-C8, and sometimes T1
95
what muscles does the radial nerve supply
all of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm and forearm
96
where does the radial nerve travel
posterior to the humerus from the medial bicipital sulcus
97
what does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm supply
skin on the posterior side of the upper arm
98
where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm branch off
in the upper arm
99
where does the inferior lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm branch off
in the middle arm
100
what muscles are supplied by muscular branches
all 3 heads of the triceps brachii, anconeus, and brachialis
101
what does the posterior cutaneous branch of the forearm supply
narrow area of the skin on the lateral side of the posterior forearm
102
branches of the radial nerve given off at the level of the lateral epicondyle supply what muscles
brachioradialis and extensor carpi radials longus
103
what is the pathway of the radial nerve
passes into the forearm on the anterior side of the elbow after traveling between the brachialis and brachioradialis
104
the radial nerve divides into what branches at the level of the radial head
superficial and deep branches
105
what is the pathway of the superficial branch of the radial nerve
follows the brachioradialis to the distal third of the forearm, travels between the brachioradialis and the radius to the posterior surface of the hand, gives rise to dorsal digital nerves
106
what does the superficial branch of the radial nerve supply
radial side of the posterior hand, extensor side of the thumb, extensor side of the proximal phalanges of digits 2 and 3, lateral half of the extensor side of the ring finger
107
the superficial branch of the radial nerve also gives off
the communicating branch with the ulnar nerve
108
what is the pathway of the deep branch of the radial nerve
penetrates the supinator muscle, gives off a series of branches to supply the posterior forearm muscles before terminating
109
what does the deep branch of the radial nerve terminate as
posterior interosseous nerve
110
what muscles does the posterior interosseous nerve supply
extensor carpi radialis brevis, supinator, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnari, abductor pollicus longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicus brevis, extensor indicus
111
the radial nerve sends articular branches to the
shoulder and wrist
112
what are clinical considerations the radial nerve can cause
wrist drop and triceps and brachioradialis reflexes
113
what are some brachial plexus injuries
erb-duchenne and klumke's palsy
114
what nerves are damaged in era-duchenne
supraclavicular, musculocutaneous and axillary
115
what is erb-duchenne
waiter's tip deformity
116
what roots are involved with erb-duchenne
C5-C6
117
what nerve is involved with klumpke's palsy
ulnar
118
what is klumpke's palsy
atrophy of the hands
119
what roots are involved with klumpke's palsy
C8-T1
