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Anatomy > Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five segments of the brachial plexus?

A

Roots, Trunks, Divisions, Cords, Nerves

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2
Q

What nerves compose the upper, middle, and lower trunks?

A

C5-6

C7

C8,T1

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3
Q

The lateral cord stems from what spinal nerves? What divisions?

A

C5-7

Anterior division of the upper and middle trunk

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4
Q

The medial cord contains nerves from what spinal roots? What divisions does it contain?

A

C8 and T1

Anterior division of lower trunk

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5
Q

The posterior cord is comprised of what spinal nerve fibers? What division does it originate from?

A

C5-C8

All three posterior divisions

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6
Q

What cord and spinal nerves does the musculocutaneous nerve arise from?

A

Lateral cord; C5-7

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7
Q

What cord and spinal nerves does the median nerve come from?

A

Merged lateral and medial cord

Spinal nerves C6-T1

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8
Q

What cord and spinal nerves results in the axillary n.?

A

Posterior cord

C5-6

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9
Q

What cord and spinal nerves results in the radial n.?

A

Posterior cord

C5-8

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10
Q

What cord and spinal nerves results in the ulnar nerve?

A

Medial cord

C8-T1

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11
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the dorsal scapular n.?

A

C5 (near trunk)

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12
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the suprascapular n.?

A

C5-6 (@ trunk)

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13
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the subclavian?

A

C5-6

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14
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the long thoracic?

A

C5-7

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15
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the lateral pectoral?

A

C5-6 of lateral cord

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16
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the upper subscapular?

A

C5 of posterior cord

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17
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the thoracodorsal n.?

A

C6-8 of posterior cord

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18
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the lower subscapular?

A

C6 of posterior cord

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19
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the medial pectoral n?

A

C8-T1 of medial cord

20
Q

What spinal nerve gives rise to the medial cutaneous nerves of arm and forearm?

A

C8-T1 medial cord

21
Q

What spinal nerve is generally responsible for abduction of the shoulder?

A

C5

22
Q

What spinal nerve is generally responsible for extension of the wrist?

A

C6

23
Q

What spinal nerve is generally responsible for fingers?

A

C7

24
Q

What spinal nerve is generally responsible for wrist flexion?

A

C7

25
Q

What spinal nerve is generally responsible for finger flexion?

A

C8

26
Q

What spinal nerve is generally responsible for ab/adduction of fingers?

A

T1

27
Q

What spinal nerve is tested with the biceps reflex? Brachioradialis reflex? Triceps reflex?

A

C5; C6; C7

28
Q

What nerve’s dermatome lies on the shoulder?

A

C5

29
Q

What nerve’s dermatome lies on the lateral lower arm, forearm, and hand?

A

C6

30
Q

What nerve’s dermatome lies on the middle portion of the palm and middle finger, plus half of the two fingers surrounding middle; and in the middle of the posterior forearm to the elbow?

A

C7

31
Q

What nerve’s dermatome lies on the medial hand and half of ring finger, plus the posteriomedial forearm?

A

C8

32
Q

What nerve’s dermatome lies on the lateral forearm and posterio-lateral arm?

A

T1

33
Q

What are the axillary nerve’s muscle branches? Sensory?

A

Teres minor and deltoid

Superior lateral cutaneous n.

34
Q

What are the muscular and sensory branches of the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis

Lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

35
Q

What are the muscular and sensory branches of the median n.?

A

Anterior compartment of forearm (EXCEPT flexor carpi ulnaris and 1/2 of the flexor digitorum profundus); thenar muscles of hand, first two lumbricals

1st 7 palmar digital nn (first 3 and 1/2 digits on palm)

36
Q

What are the muscular and sensory branches of the ulnar nerve?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris and 1/2 of the flexor digitorum profundus; intrinsic muscles of the hand (except thenar and 1st 2 lumbercals)

Common and proper palmar and dorsal digitals

37
Q

What are the muscular and sensory branches of the radial nerve?

A

Posterior compartment muscles of arm and forearm; NONE IN HAND

Inferior lateral brachial cutaneous n., posterior cutaneous n of forearm; dorsal digitals for first 2.5 digits

38
Q

What are the supraclavicular nerves? What do they innervate?

A

Dorsal scap- levator scapulae and romboids

suprascapular- supraspinatus and infraspinatus

subclavian- subclavius

long thoracic- serratus anterior

39
Q

What are the posterior cord nerves and what do they innervate?

A

Upper subscapular- subscapularis

Lower subscapular- subscapularis and teres major

Thoracodorsal- latissimus dorsi

40
Q

What are the median chord nerves and what do they supply?

A

Medial pectoral n.- pec minor and major

Medial cutaneous nerve of arm/forearm- the name says it all (think C8-T1 dermatome)

41
Q

What are the nerves of the lateral cord and what muscle do they supply?

A

Lateral pectoral n- pec major

42
Q

Severance of the axillary nerve would cause what issue?

A

Numbness along lateral and posterior shoulder; no abduction of shoulder joint

43
Q

Severing the musculocutaneous nerve could cause what complication?

A

Numbness along the lateral aspect of the forearm; inability to flex at the elbow or internally rotate the glenoid fossa

44
Q

Severing the median nerve can cause what complications?

A

Proximal severance: lack of flexion power in the forearm, inability to move thumb and digits 1 and 2 very well

45
Q

Severance of the ulnar nerve results in what complications?

A

Limits flexion of wrist; limits mobility of fingers 4-5; numbness and tingling on fingers 4-5

46
Q

Severance of the radial nerve can cause what complications?

A

Limits extension at elbow and forearm; numbness along posterior and lateral arm

Anatomy (8 decks)

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