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Brain Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the parts of the CNS

A

Brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

Gray matter in the regions of the cerebrum is called?

Where?

A

Cerebral cortex- outer layer

Basal ganglia- deep inside cerebral hemisphere

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3
Q

Why are they gray

A

Unmyelinated

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4
Q

How many types of white matter are in the cerebrum

A

3

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5
Q

Projection tracts

A

Carry either descending (motor) impulses or acceding

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6
Q

Association

A

Connect areas of cerebral cortex within the 1 hemisphere

Vary in length

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7
Q

Commissural tract

A

Connect left and right side of brain
— anterior commissure
— corpus callosum

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8
Q

Which white matter is sometimes severed to provide relief from epileptic seizures

A

Commisural

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9
Q

Gyri

A

Round ridges on surface of cerebrum

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10
Q

Sulci

A

Shallow furrows on cerebrum

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11
Q

Fissure

A

Deep furrow

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12
Q

Primary motor area

A

Frontal

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13
Q

Premotor area

A

Frontal

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14
Q

Brocas Area

A

Associated with the ability to speak

Frontal

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15
Q

Primary sensory area

A

Parietal

General sensory information

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16
Q

Primary visual area

A

occipital lobe

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17
Q

Primary auditory area

A

Temporal lobe

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18
Q

Primary olfactory area

A

temporal lobe

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19
Q

Primary taste area

A

Parietal lobe

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20
Q

Frontal association area

A

Frontal

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21
Q

Somatic association area

A

Parietal

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22
Q

Wernickes area

A

associated with the ability to chose what words you say, language

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23
Q

Basal ganglia

A

Controls skeletal activity

If damaged, involuntary contractions of spinal muscles ADHD PARKINSONS

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24
Q

Olfactory bulbs

A

On the ventral surface of each cerebral hemisphere and it’s olfactory tract
SMELL

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25
Right cerebrum
- recognize complex visual patterns mentally picturing objects in 3D - expression and recognition of emotion in music or art - holistic or unitary approach
26
Left cerebrum
— function in verbal and sequential processes and behaviors suck as writing business letters and solving simple equations — seems to process information in a fragmented or analytical way
27
What connects the two parts of the thalamus
Intermediate mass
28
Main function of the thalamus
The major sensory relay and integrating center of the brain
29
Hypothalamus
Controls processes associated with the autonomic nervous system
30
What is the limbic system
Primarily responsible for emotional life and has a lot to do with the formation of memories
31
What is a Peduncle
Stalk of fibers
32
What is the function of the red nucleus
Coordinated impulses between cerebellum and cerebrum | BLALANCE
33
What connects the two hemispheres of the cerebellum
Vermis
34
White matter of the cerebellum
ARBOR VITAL
35
Main functions of the cerebellum
Coordinates skeletal muscle through sensory input Receives some sensory info concerning touch, vision, and sound
36
Pons
(Bridge) | Connects the cerebellum with the cerebrum and Brain stem
37
What forms the Brian stem
Medula+ pons+ mesencephalon
38
Main function of the medulla oblongata
Heart rate Respiration Blood vessels Coughing swallowing and vomiting
39
RAS
Wakes you up | If hurt, coma
40
How many ventricles in our brain
4
41
What are ventricles filled with
Cerebrospinal Fluid
42
what makes CSF
Choroid plexus
43
Meninges
3 outer dura mater 2 middle arachnoid 1 inner pia mater
44
What is the function of the trochlear nerves
Eye muscle
45
Telencephalon
Becomes: cerebrum, cerebral hemisphere location: lateral ventricles
46
Diencephalon
Becomes: thalamus and hypothalamus Location: third ventricle
47
Mesencephalon
Becomes: brain stem and midbrain Location: cerebral aqueduct
48
Metencephalon
Becomes: pons, cerebrum Location: fourth ventricle
49
Myelencephalon
Becomes: brain stem, medulla oblongata Location: fourth ventricle
50
What functions are the superior and inferior colliculi involved with? What structures do these 4 provinces form?
Corpora quadrigemina | Vision and sound
50
What is the function of CSF?
Cushion
51
What happened if CSF builds up in infants?
Hydrocephalus
52
What procedure can be done to detect infection of CSF
spinal tap
53
Innermost covering of the brain, delicate and vascular
Pia mater
54
Structures that return cerebrospinal fluid to the blood
Arachnoid villi
55
It’s outer layer forms the periosteum of the skull
Duramater
56
Contains CSF
subarachnoid space
57
Location of major arteries and veins
Subarachnoid space is
58
Contains venous blood
Dural sinuses
59
Attached to crista Galli of the ethmoid bone
Flex cerebri
60
The CSF ordinarily flows from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle and then through __________ to the fourth ventricle.
Cerebral aqueduct
61
Some of the CSF continues down the _____ of the spinal cord...
Central canal
62
...but most of it circulated into the _____...
Subarachnoid space
63
...by passing through three tiny openings in the walls of the______.
Fourth ventricle
64
The CSF is returned to the blood via the _______...
Arachnoid villi
65
If drained of the CSF is obstructed, the fluid accumulated under pressure, causing a condition called _______.
Hydrocephalus
66
Slight and transient brain injury
Concussion
67
Traumatic injury that destroys Brain tissue
Contusion
68
Total nonresponsiveness to stimulation
Coma
69
May cause medulla oblongata to be wedged into foramen magnum by pressure of blood
Intracranial hemorrhage
70
After head injury, retention of water by Brain
Cerebral edema
71
Results when a Brain region is deprived of blood or exposed to prolonged ischemia
CVA
72
Progressive degeneration of the brain with abnormal protein deposits
Alzheimer’s disease
73
Autoimmune disorder with extensive demyelination
Multiple sclerosis
74
3 layer stick
Prosencephalon Mesencephalon rhombencephalon
75
5 layer stick
``` Telencephalon Diencephalon Mesecephalon Metencephalon Myelencephalon ```
76
Telencephalon
Adult brain structures: cerebrum, cerebral, hemisphere Neural canal: lateral ventricle
77
Diencephalon
Adult brain structure: thalamus, hypothalamus Neural canal: third ventricle
78
Mesecephalon
Adult brain structure: Brian stem and midbrain Neural canal: cerebral aqueduct
79
Metencephalon
Adult brain structures: pons, cerebellum Neural canal regions: fourth ventricle
80
Myelencephalon
Adult brain structure: brain stem, medulla, oblongata Neural canal region: fourth ventricle

Anatomy (14 decks)

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