brain and nervous system

Question 1

nervous system consists:

Answer 1

CNS and PNS

Question 2

CNS consists of:

Answer 2

brain and spinal cord

Question 3

PNS consists of:

Answer 3

Somatic and Autonomic

Question 4

Autonomic consists of:

Answer 4

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 5

PNS

Answer 5

transmitting information to and from the CNS, everything besides the brain or spine

Question 6

Somatic nervous system

Answer 6

muscle movements

Question 7

autonomic nervous system

Answer 7

regulates glands and internal organs, without having to think about it

Question 8

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 8

mobilizes body for action in preparation of stimulus

Question 9

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 9

conserves energy for our body in preparation to move

Question 10

neurons communicate with each other with:

Answer 10

neurotransmitters (refractory period)

Question 11

glial cells

Answer 11

support the neuron, helps with nutrient and maintenance of nerve cells

Question 12

synapses

Answer 12

space in-between neurons to relay signal

Question 13

serotonin

Answer 13

role in mood, sleep, impulse control

Question 14

dopamine

Answer 14

movement and fine motor skills

Question 15

what results from too much dopamine

Answer 15

schizophrenia

Question 16

what results in too little dopamine

Answer 16

parkinson’s disease

Question 17

acetylcholine

Answer 17

voluntary movements, learning and memory

Question 18

what results from too much acetylcholine

Answer 18

depression

Question 19

what results from too little acetylcholine

Answer 19

dementia

Question 20

norepinephrine

Answer 20

eating and alertness

Question 21

too little norepinephrine causes

Answer 21

depression

Question 22

too much norepinephrine causes

Answer 22

schizophrenia

Question 23

GABA

Answer 23

inhibitor, alerts CNS

Question 24

too little GABA causes

Answer 24

mood disorders

Question 25

too much GABA causes

Answer 25

anxiety

Question 26

glutamate

Answer 26

memory and over-stimulation

Question 27

endorphins

Answer 27

pain relief, released when we hurt ourselves or during exercise

Question 28

what makes up the hindbrain

Answer 28

medulla, pons, cerebellum

Question 29

medulla

Answer 29

breathing and heart rate, critical to life!

Question 30

pons

Answer 30

sleeping and dreaming

Question 31

cerebellum

Answer 31

balance and coordinated muscle movements, where alcohol hits first (hence police test your balance and coordination for sobriety tests)

Question 32

RAS

Answer 32

Reticular activating system, administrative assistant of the brain, prioritizes messages and stimuli

Question 33

Thalamus

Answer 33

passes motor and sensory signals on to the cerebral cortex

Question 34

limbic system includes:

Answer 34

hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus

Question 35

hypothalamus

Answer 35

biological drives, link between endocrine and nervous systems, initial reward center located here

Question 36

amygdala

Answer 36

fear and aggressive responses

Question 37

hippocampus

Answer 37

memory transfer function, where short term memory is transferred to long term

Question 38

corpus callosum

Answer 38

band of tissue connecting right and left hemisphere (split brain surgery severs this)

Question 39

basal ganglia

Answer 39

voluntary muscle movements

Question 40

cerebrum

Answer 40

all higher functioning (reasoning, language, thinking)

Question 41

cerebral cortex

Answer 41

brains control center, primary and non-primary areas

Question 42

somatosensory cortex

Answer 42

primary area, all senses except smell, registers body touch and movement sensations

Question 43

motor cortex

Answer 43

primary area, motor functions/voluntary movements

Question 44

association area/non-primary areas in the cerebral cortex

Answer 44

bigger than primary, studied by observing people with existing lesions in the brain

Question 45

Apraxia

Answer 45

problems with movements (especially coordinated) (ex. not being able to swiftly pack up and leave for class w/o thinking about it)

Question 46

agnosia

Answer 46

disorders in sensory stimulation (ex. not being able to recognize faces)

Question 47

aphasia

Answer 47

language disorders (receiving, understanding, processing information)

Question 48

expressive aphasia (non-fluent)

Answer 48

damage to broca's area, disability to express oneself in productive communication

Question 49

receptive aphasia (fluent)

Answer 49

damage to wernicke's area, don't receive/understand language but can talk grammatically correct

Question 50

lateralization

Answer 50

how both hemispheres of the brain do and receive different information

Question 51

left hemisphere of the brain

Answer 51

language reception

Question 52

right hemisphere of the brain

Answer 52

making inferences and facial recognition

Question 53

everything psychological is also

Answer 53

biological

Question 54

4 lobes in brain

Answer 54

frontal, pariental, occipital, temporal

Question 55

frontal lobe

Answer 55

speaking and movements

Question 56

pariental lobe

Answer 56

sensory

Question 57

occipital lobe

Answer 57

receive information from visual fields

Question 58

temporal lobes

Answer 58

receive information from opposite ear

Question 59

the lower brain structure that governs arousal is the

Answer 59

reticular formation

Question 60

a cat's ferocious response to electrical brain stimulation would lead you to suppose the electrode had touched the

Answer 60

amygdala

Question 61

fMRI

Answer 61

measures function

Question 62

PET

Answer 62

measures activity

Question 63

MRI

Answer 63

measures activity

Question 64

neuroplasticity

Answer 64

brains ability to change and adapt to certain circumstances