Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > brain stuff for final > Flashcards

brain stuff for final Flashcards

1
Q

What is the CNS made up of?

A

The brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What structures protect the CNS?

A

Meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the name of the condition where the meninges are inflamed?

A

Meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the name of the 3 layers of the Meninges?

A

Dura mater, Arachnoid membrane, Pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dura mater

A

Thick, tough outer layer

Outermost covering of the brain, composed of tough fibrous connective tissue

Forms the periosteum of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Arachnoid membrane

A

Thin cobweb-like layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pia mater

A

Thin layer containing lots of blood vessels

Innermost covering of the brain, delicate and vascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is located between the arachnoid layer and the pia mater

A

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the purpose of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Protects the brain by preventing it from contacting the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is composed of the cerebral cortex?

A

Gray matter with dendrites and soma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is composed of the cerebral medulla?

A

White matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Basal nuclei?

A

Islands of gray matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What´s the difference between white and gray matter?

A

The axons (white matter) send the info while the dendrites and soma (gray matter) process the info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where do white and gray matter get their color?

A

The gray matter has an absence of myelin and the white matter has myelin in the tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What makes up the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is the limbic system located?

A

Medial temporal lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the midbrain?

A

Replays info to the cerebrum, controls body movement and posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the Pons?

A

Central control of the rhythm and quality of breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

3 nervous system functions

A

Sensory input- Detects changes in stimuli inside and outside the body

Integration- Processing and interpreting the information

Response- Activation of muscles (motor output)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are neurons?

A

Conduct impulses around the body

makeup 10% of nerve cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are neuroglia?

A

(Nerve-glue)

Support, insulate, and protect neurons

90% of nerve cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do axons do?

A

Send impulses away from the cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bare nerve endings

A

responsible for feeling pain, touch, and pressure

24
Q

Golgi tendon organ

A

tells how much tension the muscle is exerting

25
Q

Meissner´s (tactile) corpuscle

A

respond to touch and low-frequency vibration

ex: reading of Braille using the fingertips.
or if you lay your pen down in your palm, the Meissner’s and Pacinian corpuscles will fire rapidly as it first touches down, to let you know something has landed.

26
Q

Lamellated corpuscle

A

sensory receptors for vibration and deep pressure and are essential for proprioception

27
Q

muscle spindle

A

they sense how much and how fast a muscle is lengthened or shortened

28
Q

Sensory receptors found in the skin, which are specialized to detect temp, pressure changes, and pain

A

Cutaneous sense organs

29
Q

Specialized cells; myelinate the fibers of neurons found in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

30
Q

Junction or point of close contact between neurons

A

Synapse

31
Q

Bundle of nerve processes inside the CNS

A

Tract

32
Q

Neuron, serving as a part of the conduction pathway between sensory and motor neurons

A

Association neuron or interneuron

33
Q

Gaps in myelin sheath

A

Nodes of Ranvier

34
Q

Collection of a nerve bodies found outside the CNS

A

Ganglion

35
Q

Neurons that conduct impulses away from the CNS to muscles and glands

A

Efferent neuron

36
Q

Sensory receptors found in muscle and tendons that detect their degree of stretch

A

Proprioceptors

37
Q

Changes, occurring within or outside the body, that can affect the nervous system functioning

A

Stimuli

38
Q

Neurons that conduct impulses towards the CNS and from the body and the periphery

A

Afferent neuron

39
Q

Chemicals released by neurons that stimulate other neurons, muscles, or glands

A

Neurotransmitters

40
Q

What is the order of the minimum elements in a reflex arc from the stimulus to the effector?

A

Stimulus, receptor, afferent neuron, efferent neuron, effector organ

41
Q

Where is cerebrospinal fluid located?

A

Ventricles (cavities in the brain)

42
Q

What is a ridge in the cerebral cortex tissue?

A

Gyrus

43
Q

What is a groove in the cerebral cortex tissue?

A

Sulcus (dents/insides)

44
Q

The convolutions (complex top of the cerebrum) are important because they increase..

A

surface area

45
Q

Gray matter is composed of?

A

Neuron bodies and unmylinated

46
Q

White matter is composed of?

A

Myelinated fibers

47
Q

Slight and transient brain injury

A

Concussion

48
Q

Traumatic injury that destroy brain tissue

A

Contusion

49
Q

Total non responsiveness to stimulation

A

Coma

50
Q

May cause medulla to be wedges into foramen magnum by pressure of blood

A

Intracranial hemorrhage (ruptured blood vessel)

51
Q

After head injury, retention of water by brain with swelling

A

Cerebral edema

52
Q

Results when a brain region is deprived of blood or exposed to prolonged ischemia

A

Cerebrovascular accident CVA

53
Q

Progressive degeneration of brain with abnormal protein deposits

A

Alzheimer´s

54
Q

Autoimmune disorder with extensive demyelination

A

Multiple sclerosis (hardening of body tissue)

55
Q

A mini stroke; fleeting symptoms of CVA

A

Transient ischemic attack

Anatomy (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions