Brainstem Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are the parts of the brainstem and their functions?
Midbrain (eye movement, alertness), Pons (relay and breathing), Medulla (vital functions like HR, breathing)
Why do brainstem lesions cause sensory and motor loss?
Interrupt ascending and descending tracts; symptoms depend on site of lesion
What is the clinical impact of brainstem injury on consciousness?
Damage to reticular activating system → reduced consciousness/coma
Which cranial nerves emerge from the midbrain?
CN III (oculomotor) and IV (trochlear).
What is the role of the pons?
Relays information and regulates respiration.
What reflex is associated with CN V?
Jaw jerk reflex.
What is the Glasgow Coma Scale used for?
Assessing level of consciousness.
What is locked-in syndrome?
Paralyzed except for the muscles that control eye movement and consciousness
Which part of the brainstem controls cardiovascular function?
The medulla.
Why might brainstem lesions affect both sides of the body?
Due to decussation and bilateral tract involvement.
What structure is responsible for arousal and wakefulness?
Reticular activating system
