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Flashcards in Breathing Patterns Deck (20)
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1
Q

define apnea

A

Lack of airflow to the lungs for >15 seconds

2
Q

what conditions are associated with apnea?

A

Airway obstruction, cardiopulmonary arrest, alterations of the respiratory center, narcotic overdose

3
Q

define Biot’s respirations

A

Constant increased rate and depth of respiration followed by periods of apnea of varying lengths

4
Q

what conditions are associated with Biot’s respirations?

A

Elevated ICP, meningitis

5
Q

define bradypnea

A

Ventilation rate <12 breaths per minute

6
Q

what conditions are associated with bradypnea?

A

Use of sedatives, narcotics, or alcohol; neurologic or metabolic disorders; excessive fatigue

7
Q

define Cheyne-Stokes respirations

A

Increasing depth of ventilation followed by a period of apnea

8
Q

what conditions are associated with Cheyne-Stokes

respirations?

A

Elevated ICP, CHF, narcotic overdose

9
Q

define hyperpnea

A

Increased depth of ventilation

10
Q

what conditions are associated with hyperpnea?

A

Activity, pulmonary infections, CHF

11
Q

define hyperventilation

A

Increased rate and depth of ventilation resulting in decreased PCO2

12
Q

what conditions are associated with hyperventilation?

A

Anxiety, nervousness, metabolic acidosis

13
Q

define hypoventilation

A

Decreased rate and depth of ventilation resulting in increased PCO2

14
Q

what conditions are associated with hypoventilation?

A

Sedation or somnolence, neurologic depression of respiratory centers, overmedication, metabolic alkalosis

15
Q

define Kussmaul respirations

A

Increased regular rate and depth of ventilation

16
Q

what conditions are associated with Kussmaul respirations?

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure

17
Q

define wheeze

A
  • due to airway obstruction

- more common w expiration

18
Q

define stridor

A
  • high-pitched wheeze
  • heard w inspiration and expiration
  • medical emergency
  • due to obstruction or massive throat swelling
19
Q

define rhonchi

A
  • low-pitched
  • due to large airway obstruction
  • sounds like snoring
20
Q

define crackles/rales

A
  • bubbling, popping sounds (like rice krispies)

- due to: fluid/secretions, sudden opening of closed airway, CHF, or airway obstruction