Britain: losing and gaining an empire, 1763-1914: depth studies - birth of British Australia, 1788–1829

Question 1

Who was Governor Arthur Phillip?

Answer 1

Phillip used harsh physical punishment to maintain control and lashings were commonplace and hangings frequent.
His heavy handed measures ensured that there were not mutinies.
Phillips control of food stores – equal and ensured survival.

Question 2

Economic structure under Phillip

Answer 2

• Government costed the venture at £70,000 and was distributed at the governor’s discretion.
• All produce grown or income derived from the planned flax industry in Norfolk island was to be property of government
• No internal market due to the universal reliance on the government store for supplies.
• Offers land grants to former convicts: removing them from reliance on Government Stores

Question 2

Society under Phillip

Answer 2

• Control the convict, build adequate shelter and housing.
• Smooth relations with aboriginal people, encourage respectable and godly behaviour thereby reforming the convicts. Build township and develop economic life.
• The convicts were not knowledgeable farmers, skilled carpenters or hunters that they needed.