British Empire

Question 1

Empire

Answer 1

When a country takes over and rules another country and benefits to enrich home country

Question 2

Colony

Answer 2

Country controlled by another, settlers form controlling country living there, part of an empire

Question 3

Imperialism

Answer 3

Policy of increasing a country’s power by gaining an empire

Question 4

Mandate

Answer 4

The authority to rule in a country

Question 5

Protectorate

Answer 5

Country in another country’s protection

Question 6

Why did Britain want an empire?

Answer 6

Easier trade, access to resources, poorer people have opportunity to make money, cities are overcrowded, Brits want products they can’t grow eg tobacco, make Britain look powerful, spread Christianity, rivalry against France and Germany

Question 7

Brit empire 1700s

Answer 7

Fighting with France and Holland over territory

Question 8

Brit empire 1800s

Answer 8

France and Britain had largest colonies - Britain takes India, New Zealand and Australia - 1776 Canada gains independence

Question 9

Brit empire 1900s

Answer 9

Whole of new Zealand, Australia, India, Canada- scramble for Africa
53/54 countries are European colonies

Question 10

How did industrial empire lead to empire?

Answer 10

• man power &laquo_space;steam power
• urbanisation due to factories
  -inventions such as steam ships and locomotion brings connection between countries

Question 11

When and what for was East India Company created?

Answer 11

1600, tudor merchants from London, trade with India

Question 12

EIC - 1608

Answer 12

First ship sent, unable to secure trading deal

Question 13

EIC 1700

Answer 13

returned, made deal with Aurangzeb, mughal emperor who offered protection, strict and powerful

Question 14

Aurangzeb death in 1709

Answer 14

No one could keep control, hiers scramble for riches

Question 15

What happened for the EIC within 150 years?

Answer 15

EIC was making massive fortunes and ruling parts of the Mughal empire, continued to set up trading posts and factories such as in Calcutta and madras

Question 16

What did Britain do to increase its political power in India in 1750s?

Answer 16

-used private army to wage war against local leaders
- signed treaties
-military and trading agreements

Question 17

Why was Britain able to take control of India?

Answer 17

India was not united so Britain was able to sign treaties with separate states that made up India. The British were very effective at gradually taking control

Question 18

What was British rule in India called?

Answer 18

Raj rule

Question 19

Jallinawala bagh massacre - when

Answer 19

13/04/1919

Question 20

Jallinawala bagh massacre - who

Answer 20

General Reginald Dyer and 50 armed soldiers and between 15,000 and 20,000 peaceful men, women and kids

Question 21

Jallinawala bagh massacre - why

Answer 21

dyer said that anyone in jallianwala bagh square was resisting raj rule and a potenziale enemy of the state
real reason : brits were angry that raj rule was slipping

Question 22

Jallinawala bagh massacre - casualities

Answer 22

between 600 and 1000 killed, and many more injured. Almost all injured died because there was a military curfew and doctor who treated the injured were harassed by police

Question 23

brits relationship with empire- exploitative

Answer 23

-one-sided
-took resources from country

Question 24

brits relationship with empire- trading

Answer 24

• ideas
• cultures
• products

Question 25

brits relationship with empire- religion

Answer 25

• evalangical (spread christianity)
  -spread religion from India to britain

Question 26

brits relationship with empire-power

Answer 26

-political dominence
- rivalry with other empires
-protectorate from the empire

Question 27

brits relationship with empire-benevolant

Answer 27

-set up infrastructure
-gave back
-trading

Question 28

Decolonisation timeline

Answer 28

WW2 > 1945
1947 > India
1948 > palestine
1956>sudan
1957> Malaysia and Ghana
1963> Kenya
1980> Zimbabwe
1997> Honk Kong
END OF BRITISH EMPIRE

Question 29

Decolonisation- within Britain - reasons

Answer 29

• focus economy in rebuilding national economy after ww2
  -period of change
  -imperialism was ending
  -withdrew from colonisies

Question 30

Decolonization- outside of Britain - reasons

Answer 30

• resistance against empire
• cold War ( West didn’t want colonies to go with soviet union)
  -UN -racial equality

Question 31

Legacies of empire

Answer 31

-infrastructure, health care and education in colonies
-religion
-racism
-food and culture
-sports
-architecture