Bronchodilator, Psychotropics, Immunosuppressants, Antineoplastics Flashcards
(15 cards)
Theophylline
Bronchodilator, found in cocoa beans, Treatment of respiratory diseases such as COPD and asthma, when albuterol is not effective. low therapeutic index, Small VD, low protein binding
Hepatic metabolism of theophylline
Varies with age, more active in children
Toxic effects of theophylline
arrhythmia, convulsion, death
Tricyclic antidepressants
psychotropic drug, treatment of depression and extreme apathy. Prescribed when other antidepressants not effective. Monitored in suspected suicide, enhanced by CNS depressants
Tricyclic antidepressant toxic effects
Seizures, arrhythmia
Lithium
psychotropic drug, manage bipolar disorder, does not bind to proteins and about 50% crosses into CNS. Low therapeutic index
Toxic effects of lithium
Convulsions, coma
How is lithium measures
ISE and specialized spectrophotometric methods, not immunoassay
Immunosuppressants
Prevent rejection of transplanted organ and treatment of some autoimmune disorders
Cyclosporine
administered orally, plasma or whole blood specimen, by immunoassay and LC-Tandem Mass spec.
FK 506 (Tacrolimus)
Oral administration, 100x more potent to cyclosporine, low therapeutic index. Only whole blood is analyzed by immunoassays or tandem mass spec
Methotrexate
Antineoplastic
High dose: treatment of neoplastic conditions
Low dose: treatment of some autoimmune disorders, inhibits folic acid
Leucovorin
Rescue drug for methotrexate, given based on the rate of mitosis of neoplastic v normal cells
Methotrexate toxic effecrs
Seizure, Destruction of normal cells, Liver/Renal/Neurotoxicity
Monitoring of methotrexate
Not measured as TDM, done by immunoassay
