BRUDVICK ET AL (PROCEDURE)

Question 1

Name the 4 numerical scales used in brudvick et al (2014) study?

Answer 1

1. Faces (Pain Rating) Scale-Revised (FPS-R)
   2.Coloured Analogue Scale (CAS)
   3.Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
   4.Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)

Question 2

Faces Pain Rating Scale-Revised (FPS-R):

Answer 2

A pain assessment scale designed for children aged 3–8 years, consisting of six cartoon faces that show increasing levels of pain intensity. The child selects the face that best represents their current pain level.

Question 3

Colored Analogue Scale (CAS):

Answer 3

A visual pain assessment tool for children aged 9–15 years that uses a color gradient line, typically from green (no pain) to red (severe pain). The child marks the point on the scale that best represents their pain intensity.

Question 4

Visual Analogue Scale (VAS):

Answer 4

A pain measurement tool used for children aged 9–15 years, where they mark a point along a horizontal line (typically 10 cm) anchored with “no pain” and “worst pain imaginable.” The distance from the “no pain” end provides a numerical pain score.

Question 5

Numerical Rating Scale

Answer 5

A verbal or written 0–10 pain scale used by parents and physicians, where 0 represents “no pain” and 10 represents “worst possible pain.” Respondents choose a number that best describes the child’s level of pain.

Question 6

Summarise the procedure?

Answer 6

1. FPS-R SCALE, VAS, CAS scale were used by the children to self-assess their pain levels.
2. The NRS was used by the parents and physicians to rate the pain of the child.
3. BLIND: The parents and children were instructed not to give their ratings to the physicians.
4. DEMOGRAPHIC SHEET: Parents completed a demographic sheet (info about their children)
5. PHYSICIAN QUESTIONNAIR: physicians completed a questionnaire about their medical experiences, specialty, if they had children of their own.
6. DIAGNOSIS: The child’s diagnosis was classified as either: infections, fractures , wound, soft tissue or ligament injuries (most children had soft tissue, ligament or muscle injures)