c

Question 1

Q: Why do local variables lose their values between calls to the function in which they are defined?

Answer 1

A: Because they are created when the function starts and destroyed when it ends.

Question 2

Q: What is the difference between an argument and a parameter variable?

Answer 2

A: An argument is the value sent to a function; a parameter is the variable that receives it.

Question 3

Q: Where do you define parameter variables?

Answer 3

A: Inside the parentheses of a function definition.

Question 4

Q: If you want a function to not change the value of the argument it receives what should you do?

Answer 4

A: Pass it by value (not by reference) or use the const keyword if using reference.

Question 5

Q: When a function accepts multiple arguments does the order matter?

Answer 5

A: Yes the order must match the parameters’ order in the function definition.

Question 6

Q: How do you return a value from a function?

Answer 6

A: Use the return statement followed by the value.

Question 7

Q: What is the advantage of breaking your application’s code into small procedures?

Answer 7

A: It makes the code easier to read reuse

Question 8

Q: How would a local variable be useful?

Answer 8

A: It keeps data private to the function and avoids affecting other parts of the program.

Question 9

Q: Give an example where passing an argument by reference would be useful.

Answer 9

A: Updating multiple values in a function like a function that modifies two numbers.

Question 10

The _________ is the part of a function definition that shows the function name, return type, and parameter list.

Answer 10

function header

Question 11

If a function doesn’t return a value, the word _________ will appear as its return type.

Answer 11

void

Question 12

Either a function’s _________ or its _________ must precede all calls to the function.

Answer 12

prototype

Question 13

Values that are sent into a function are called _________.

Answer 13

arguments

Question 14

Special variables that hold copies of function arguments are called _________.

Answer 14

parameters

Question 15

When only a copy of an argument is passed to a function, it is said to be passed by _________.

Answer 15

value

Question 16

A(n) _________ eliminates the need to place a function definition before all calls to the function.

Answer 16

function prototype

Question 17

A(n) _________ variable is defined inside a function and is not accessible outside the function.

Answer 17

local

Question 18

_________ variables are defined outside all functions and are accessible to any function within their scope.

Answer 18

Global

Question 19

_________ variables provide an easy way to share large amounts of data among all the functions in a program.

Answer 19

Global

Question 20

Unless you explicitly initialize global variables, they are automatically initialized to _________.

Answer 20

0

Question 21

If a function has a local variable with the same name as a global variable, only the _________ variable can be seen by the function.

Answer 21

local

Question 22

_________ local variables retain their value between function calls.

Answer 22

Static

Question 23

The _________ statement causes a function to end immediately.

Answer 23

return

Question 24

_________ arguments are passed to parameters automatically if no argument is provided in the function call.

Answer 24

Default

Question 25

When a function uses a mixture of parameters with and without default arguments, the parameters with default arguments must be defined _________.

Answer 25

last

Question 26

The value of a default argument must be a(n) _________.

Answer 26

constant

Question 27

When used as parameters, _________ variables allow a function to access the parameter’s original argument.

Answer 27

reference

Question 28

Reference variables are defined like regular variables, except there is a(n) _________ in front of the name.

Answer 28

ampersand (&)

Question 29

Reference variables allow arguments to be passed by ____________.

Answer 29

reference

Question 30

The _________ function causes a program to terminate.

Answer 30

exit

Question 31

Two or more functions may have the same name, as long as their _________ are different.

Answer 31

parameter lists (signature)

Question 32

Functions should be given names that reflect their purpose.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Function headers are terminated with a semicolon.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Function prototypes are terminated with a semicolon.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

If other functions are defined before main, the program still starts executing at main.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

When a function terminates, it always branches back to main, regardless of where it was called from.

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Arguments are passed to the function parameters in the order they appear in the function call.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

The scope of a parameter is limited to the function that uses it.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

Changes to a function parameter always affect the original argument as well.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

In a function prototype, the names of the parameter variables may be left out.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Many functions may have local variables with the same name.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Overuse of global variables can lead to problems.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Static local variables are not destroyed when a function returns.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

All static local variables are initialized to −1 by default.

Answer 44

False

Question 45

Initialization of static local variables only happens once, regardless of how many times the function is called.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

When a function with default arguments is called and an argument is left out, all arguments that come after it must be left out as well.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

It is not possible for a function to have some parameters with default arguments and some without.

Answer 47

False

Question 48

The exit function can only be called from main.

Answer 48

False

Question 49

A stub is a dummy function that is called instead of the actual function it represents.

Answer 49

True