C 8 periodic table Flashcards
(28 cards)
Periodic table
Arrangement of element in periods/groups in order of increasing proton/atomic number
metalloids
non-metals with properties of metal
valence electron
electrons in the outershell
velency
how much electrons is lose/gains to form a ion/compount
physical properties
easily reversed - no change in identity of substance
- luster (shiny)
- high mp & bp
- malleability
- ductility
- state of matter
- density
- solubilty
-odor
Chemical properties
not easily reversed - only observed by changing the identity of substance
- flammability
- combustibility
- toxicity
- pH
- reactivity with water, air, acid
- ability to corrode
What is chemical reactivity based on
electronic configuration
Metal properties
- luster (shiny)
- high mp
- malleable
- ductile
- good conductor
- high density
- solid at room temp
- opaque
- sonorous
Non metal properties
-Dull
- Poor conductor
- non ductile
- brittle
- transparent
- non sonorous
G1
property + trend
alkali metals
Physical properties: soft, less dense, lower mp+bp, chemically reactive
tend in reactivity: as you go down reactivity increases = increase in atomic radius = easier to lose outer electron (attraction weakens = easier to move valance electrons)
- mp, bp decrease
- density increase
Metal + water
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Metal + halogen
metal halide
metal + oxygen
Metal oxide
G7
halogens (diatomic molecules)
Trend: decreases in reactivity as you go down
(hard to attract electron as atomic radius increased)
- increase in mp & bp
- colour gets darker
- displacement reaction (more reactive displace less)
Color of G7 elements
F - pale yellow (gas)
Cl - green (gas) –> pale green (aq)
Br - red brown (liquid) –> yellow orange (aq)
Iodine - grey (solid) –> orange brown (aq)
most salts = colorless in aq solutions
G8
Noble gases (inert = non-reactive)
- colorless gas + monoatomic
- very unreactive (cant lose/gain e)
trend
- increase in density, atomic radius, map and bp
Different uses of G8 elements
He - ballons
Ne/Ar - Advertising signs
Ar - inert atmosphere for welding, fire extinguishers
Kr - Lasors
Transitions elements (metals)
high density, high mp, strong, form coloured compounds
no clear trend
- have oxidation states (how much e- lose/gain to from ion) –> can form complex ions
Different uses of Transitions elements
Iron - steel
Copper - electric wiring + pipes
Titanium - for paint
Silver - photographic paper
platinum - industrial/automotive catalyst
magnese, chromium, cobalt - steel
Period 3
Amphoteric
Gq - G4 = reactivity decreases
G6-G7 = reactivtiy increases
Metal oxide and non metal oxide pH
basic/acidic
Across period (left to right)
Metallic character decreases (tendency to lose e-)
Non- metallic character increase
Amphoteric
able to act as an acid and base
Acid
Neutralise base
- turn both litmus and methyl orange red
- react with metals (salt + hydrogen)
- react with carbonates (salt + H2O + CO2)
