C1 States of matter Flashcards
(26 cards)
Property, arrangement, movement and force of Solid
Definite shape & volume (not compressible)
Regular, fixed, very close
Only vibrates in fixed position
Very strong
(Least energy)
Property, arrangement, movement and force of Liquid
Definite volume (X shape, not compressible)
Irregular, very close
Free to move around each other + pass
Fairly strong
(most energy)
Property, arrangement, movement and force of Gas
Compressible (X definite shape/vol)
Irregular, far apart/spread out
Free to move (randomly + all direction)
Very strong
Physical change
Where chemicals stays the same but the state of matter changes
Intermolecular force
Force of attraction between molecules
Sublimation
Solid –> Gas
Fluids
Liquid and gas (that can flow)
Melting
Solid –> Liquid
Weaker force between p, irregular arrangement but still close, free to move (vibrates more when heated and overcome force)
Boiling/Evaporation
Liquid –> Gas
Weaker force between p, particles become far apart, still irregular (heated l gains e –> overcome force (escape to form gas)
B - throughout liquid
E - at surface
Condenstaion
Gas –> Liquid
Forces between p increase, p become close but still fee to move (gas loses e –> force stronger)
Freezing
Liquid –> Solid
Force becomes more strong, p become fixed in position, regular and move less (energy released)
What do you call the process of solid increasing in size when heated
Expansion
High MP & BP =
Higher force of attraction
Whenever a physical change happens the temperature
Stays constant
(heat energy used to overcome forces)
Impure/mixture of substance MP
Lower than pure + range
Kinetic particle theory of matter
All matter is made of tiny particles that are in constant motion. (depend on state of m + temp)
Diffusion
Random movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration until the particles are evenly spread out (only in fluids)
The greater/smaller the molecular mass the rate of diffusion
decreases/increases
Brownian motion
Random movement of particles suspended in a fluid caused by particles colliding with each other
(e.g Pollen grains in water, dust in air)
Temperature and pressure
Temp increase = particles have more energy = move faster = collide more often + more energy = pressure increase
Pressure
Collison of p to the wall
force/area (N/m2)
When volume increase pressure
Decrease as particles hit the wall less often
When Both Temp + Vol increase
Pressure constant
Diffusion is faster in L/G
Gas (more spacing and faster movement)
