C&D ETHNICITY

Question 1

GOV UK stats?

Answer 1

Black people 2.4x more likely to be arrested that whites
2013; 26% e/m prison population but 12% uk population.

Question 2

Victim Surveys

Answer 2

Asks individuals what crimes they have been victims of.
We learn that black mugging is overrepresented
Great deal of crime is intra-ethnic

Question 3

Limitations of a victim survey

Answer 3

• excluded corp crimes
• rely on memory
  Bowling and Phillips white victims over identify blacks as offenders.

Question 4

Self report studies

Answer 4

Individuals disclose their own criminal behaviour as it is anonymous. Looking into the dark figure of crime.
Issues in validity snd low response rate.

Question 5

Findings from self report studies

Answer 5

Graham and Bowling - black and white offending rates 43% and 44%
– challenges the stereotype that black people are more likely to offend.

Question 6

Policing; stop and search

Answer 6

enables the police to stop people on “reasonable suspicion”
Black people stopped 7x more than white.

Question 7

Terrorism act 2000

Answer 7

Enabled police to stop without reasonable suspicion
Asians now 3x more likely than other groups
= Strained relationship between police and e/m

Question 8

Taser use

Answer 8

6/1k white but 18/1k blacks

Question 9

Police Racism

Answer 9

McPherson Report

Question 10

Arrests and Caution

Answer 10

Police arrest e/m without sufficent evidence
Blacks and Asians were less likely to receive a caution due to them not admitting as they didn’t have trust in the police.

Question 11

Prosecution and Trial

Answer 11

CPS more like to drop e/m cases as evidence is weaker.
E/M more like to select a jury.

Question 12

Conviction and sentencing

Answer 12

E/M more likely to be found not guilty
Hood; black +3months and asian +9months
Hudson and Bramhall; pre-sentence reports = discrimination as they were less detailed.

Question 13

Left realist explanation of crime

Answer 13

Relative deprivation as e/m more material dep due to discrimination. Leads to UT crime.
Subcultures of unemployed young males for due it less oppotunities. Leads to ut and non ut - due to frustration

Question 14

Neo-marxist explanation of crime

Answer 14

Do not accept statistics as valid.
Gilroy; The Myth of Black criminality
Hall- policing the crisis

Question 15

Gilroy

Answer 15

The myth of Black criminality
- crime is an extortion of the resistance to British imperialism.
- criminalised by the state for defending themselves

Question 16

Hall

Answer 16

Policing the crisis
- bl