Flashcards in C1 Deck (34):
1
What is air mostly made up of ?
Nitrogen, Oxygen and Argon
2
How much Nitrogen and Oxygen is in the air?
78% Nitrogen and 21% Oxygen
3
In the early atmosphere, volcanoes released large amounts of....
Carbon dioxide and Water vapour
4
Four billion years ago the earth atmosphere was very..
Hot.
5
How are humans changing the gases in the atmosphere?
By burning fuels
6
Name 3 harmful pollutants?
1. Carbon Monoxide
2. Nitrogen Oxides
3. Sulfur Dioxide
7
What does Carbon Monoxide do to humans?
It reduces the amount of oxygen blood can carry.
8
What is good air quality?
Air that has very few pollutants
9
Lots of pollutants in the air means...
Poor air quality.
10
How much more carbon dioxide is there in the air in the last 50 years?
25%
11
How is carbon dioxide linked to climate change?
It is a greenhouse gas which traps heat in atmosphere.
12
There is a WHAT between air quality and heath?
Correlation
13
What is needed for any fuel to burn and release energy?
Oxygen
14
Hydrocarbon fuel + oxygen = ?
carbon dioxide + water ( + energy)
15
What is oxidation?
When oxygen is added to a substance
16
What is reduction?
What is oxygen is removed from a substance
17
What is an oxidation reaction called ?
Combustion.
18
How can you make a fuel burn more rapidly?
Use Pure oxygen
19
What is incomplete combustion?
When there is not enough oxygen in a reacrion
20
Name 1 indirect pollutant?
Acid rain
21
Where is NO formed?
In furnaces and engines at temps about 1000 degrees Celsius
22
What 2 things can happen of there is not enough air to burn the fuel.
1. Poisonous carbon monoxide is made
2. carbon particulates are made
23
Name 4 ways in which pollutants are removed from the air?
1. particulate settle down on surfaces
2. sulfur and nitrogen oxides react with water and oxygen to produce acid sulfuric acid and nitric acid
3. carbon dioxide is used in photosynthesis
4. carbon dioxide dissolves in rain and oceans
24
How can you reduce sulfur dioxide ?
By burning oil and gas instead
25
How can power stations remove particulates?
By using electrostatic fillers
26
What does a flu gas desulfurisation do?
Remove sulfur dioxide from waste gases
27
Name two 'wet scrubbing' ways to remove sulfur dioxide from power station waste?
1. using sea water,it absorbs sulfur dioxide
2. using calcium oxide and calcium sulfate
28
Name 3 ways to reduce our use of fossil fuels?
1. using alternative energy sources
2. using public transport or walking/cycling
3. improving building insulation
29
Name 3 types of bio fuels
1. wood chips
2.palm oil
3.alcohol made from sugar
30
What does it mean when bio fuels are carbon neural?
When burned they release the same amount of carbon dioxide as the plant originally too to grow
31
what produces less CO2 for the same amount of energy released?
Gas
32
What does a Catalytic Converter do?
It allows pollutant gases to react with each other.
33
what can damage a catalytic converter?
Sulfur
34