C10

Question 1

presence of bacteria in the blood.

Answer 1

Bacteremia

Question 2

a form of symbiosis in which one organism benefits from another organism without causing harm to it.

Answer 2

Commensalism

Question 3

presence of unwanted materials (chemical, biological, or radiological) where they should not be or at concentrations above the normal. The presence of these substances may not necessarily lead to harm.

Answer 3

Contamination

Question 4

result of an undesirable relationship between the host and the pathogen, marked by interruption in the normal functioning of a body part or parts.

Answer 4

Disease

Question 5

invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms. The term is not synonymous with disease.

Answer 5

Infection

Question 6

a form of symbiosis in which both organisms benefit from the relationship.

Answer 6

Mutualism

Question 7

a form of symbiosis where one organism benefits from another organism and at the same time causes harm to the other.

Answer 7

Paratism

Question 8

ability of an organism to produce disease. An organism that can produce disease in humans is said to be pathogenic.

Answer 8

Pathogenecity

Question 9

presence of contaminants that can cause adverse biological effects to humans and communities.

Answer 9

Pollutions

Question 10

presence of pus-producing bacteria in the bloodstream.

Answer 10

Pyemia

Question 11

presence of actively multiplying bacteria in the blood, usually from a source of infection. The condition is called sepsis.

Answer 11

Septicemia

Question 12

prolonged and close interaction between organisms of different species.

Answer 12

Symbiosis

Question 13

presence of toxins in the blood.

Answer 13

Toximia

Question 14

presence of viruses in the blood.
an organism can produce disease.

Answer 14

Viremia

Question 15

describes the degree of pathogenicity

Answer 15

Virulence

Question 16

If a disease has a worldwide occurrence or involves at least three regions in the world, it is said to be a

Answer 16

Pandemic

Question 16

If a great number of people in a given locality develop an infectious disease in a relatively short period of time, it is called an

Answer 16

Epidemic

Question 17

is one in which the invading organisms are limited to a relatively small area of the body.

Answer 17

Localized infection

Question 18

is an acute infection that causes the initial illness, while a secondary infection is caused by opportunistic pathogens after the primary infection has weakened the body’s defenses.

Answer 18

Primary infection

Question 19

are common in patients whose immune system have been compromised by another disease process (e.g., AIDS) and can prove to be more devastating than the primary infection.

Answer 19

Secondary infection

Question 20

the time interval between entry of the offending agent and the appearance of the initial signs and symptoms of the disease. In most cases, this period is variable and is usually stated in the form of a range (e.g., 6-12 days).

Answer 20

Incubation period

Question 21

a relatively short period, is characterized by early, mild symptoms of disease which are generally nonspecific.

Answer 21

Padromal period

Question 22

corresponds to the period of maximal invasion. It is during this period that the disease is most acute. During this period, the patient manifests signs and symptoms distinctive of the disease.

Answer 22

Period of illness

Question 23

A disease that is spread from one host to another, either directly or indirectly, is called a

Ex. Examples are measles, tuberculosis, and typhoid fever.

Answer 23

A communicable disease

Question 24

If the disease is easily and rapidly transmitted from one person to another, then it is classified as a contagious

Answer 24

Contagious disease

Question 25

If the infection results in the death of the patient over a short period of time, it is called a

Answer 25

Fulminant infection

Question 26

A disease that occurs occasionally is called a

Answer 26

Sporadic disease

Question 27

If the disease is constantly present in a population at low levels, then it is called an

Answer 27

Endemic disease