C11

Question 1

What are the 2 ways co2 increases in the atmosphere?

Answer 1

• burning fossil fuels

- deforestation

Question 2

What are two ways that methane is increasing in the atmosphere

Answer 2

-cattle producing methane

Landfill sites-decay of micro orginisms release methane

Question 3

Peer-reviewed evidence

Answer 3

Other scientists checking evidence before its published

Question 4

What are the 4 potential effects of climate change

Answer 4

• Flooding. (Ice caps melt-sea levels rise-flooding(costal habitat loss))
• Extreme weather(more storms-more damage)

-Changes in rainfull
(How much it rains)
When and where it occurs)
Heavy rain damages crops
Lack of rain causes drought(affects food production)

-Extinction-when animals and plants can’t adapt to the bew eviroment quick enough-so they die out.

Question 5

What are the six gasses that could be released into the atmosphere when a fuel is burned

Answer 5

• carbon dioxide
• water vapour
• carbon monoxide
• sulfer dioxide
• nitrogen oxides
• soild particulates/un burned fuel/soot.

Question 6

What does soluble mean?

Answer 6

It will dissolve given an amount of liquid

Question 7

Which gas in the atmosphere reacts with sulfurdioxide and the oxides of nitrogen to fo

Answer 7

Water vapour

Question 8

What is finite?

Answer 8

Something that will run out

Question 9

What was Earth’s early atmosphere formed by?

Answer 9

Volcanic activity

Question 10

What did the Earth’s early atmosphere mainly consit of?

Answer 10

Carbon dioxide, (maybe some Nitrogen too)

Question 11

When did life form?

Answer 11

3.4 billion years ago

Question 12

What happened to algae abd bacteria 2.7 billion years ago and how did it change Earth’s atmoshere?

Answer 12

They started making their own food from photosythesis(oxygen waste product)

This removed carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and added oxygen over time

(Photosythesis decreased Earth’s CO2 levels)

Question 13

Word equation for photosytheis?

Answer 13

Carbon dioxide+ water -(energy from sunlught)-glucose and Oxygen

Question 14

Symbol equation for photosytheis?

Answer 14

6CO2 + 6H2O-(energy from sunlight)-C6H12C6+6O2

Question 15

Whaat did plants do to the atomohere as they evolved?

Answer 15

-the colonised the Earth’s surface and through photosythesis made the atmosphere rich with oxygen

Question 16

What made it possible for animals to evolve?

Answer 16

-plants causing an atmosphere rich with Oxygen and animals relying on plants for food

Question 17

________ decreased the percentage of CO2 in the early atmosphere through photosythesis?

Answer 17

Algae

Question 18

Explain how Carbon becomes “locked into rocks”?

Answer 18

• Carbon dioxide converts to glucose during photosythesis- it ends up as plant material and then the carbon is transferred animal tissue when animals eat plants(e.g skeletons).
• dead animal skeletons are covered with sediment in the ocean
• lots of pressure forms sedimentary rock such as limestone

Question 19

What do volcanos produce?

Answer 19

Methane, Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen and Ammonia

Question 20

What happened to Methane and Ammonia in the early atmosphere?

Answer 20

Ammonia and methane reacted with oxygen (formed by algae) and it removes the elements from the atmosphere

(Nitrogen is very unreactive and has built up in the atmosphere)

Question 21

What has happened to the levels of CO2 being released over the past century?

Answer 21

It has increased

Question 22

What are fossil fuels used for?

Answer 22

Electricity and transport

Question 23

What has deforestation caused?

Answer 23

The amount CO2 removed from the atmosphere by photosythesis has decreased

Question 24

Evidence of increasing CO2 in the atmosphere?

Answer 24

Analysing trapped air (find out how the composition of gases have changed over time)

Question 25

What are four consequences of the amount of green house gases in the atmosphere increasing?

Answer 25

• rising sea levels
• increased extreme weather events
• changes in temeperature
• changes in the amount and distribution of rainfall

Question 26

What do all fossil fuels contain and why is it bad for the enviroment

Answer 26

Some sulfer, this reacts with oxygen when fossil fuels are burnt forming a gas called sulfer dioxide

-it is toxic and causes acid rain which damages trees and attacks limestone and metal buildings

Question 27

What can we do to sulfer impurities before the fuel is burnt?

Answer 27

Remove them

Question 28

What happens when there is not enougg oxygen inside an engine?

Answer 28

Incomplete combustion

Question 29

What is incomplete combustion?

Answer 29

Instead of all the fuel turning into carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide is formed

Question 30

Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?

Answer 30

It is colourless so you cannot tell if your breathing it in

-red blood cells pick up carbon monoxide and carry it around in your body instead of oxygen

Question 31

What do high temperatures in an engine cause?

Answer 31

The normally unreative Nitrogen to react with Oxygen

-this makes Nitorgen oxides which can trogger asthma and cause acid rain

Question 32

What do disel molecules burn?

Answer 32

Hydrocarbons (with bigger molecules than those in petrol engines)

Question 33

What happens when hudrocarbon fuels are completely burnt in the air?

Answer 33

The carbon and hydogen are oxidised(they produce carbon dioxide)