C1.2 #3

Question 1

lactic acid fermentation.

Answer 1

A type of anaerobic respiration in which pyruvate is converted to lactate, producing ATP and NAD.

Question 2

Anaerobic respiration allows for the regeneration of

Answer 2

NAD so that glycolysis can continue and some ATP is still produced.

Question 3

anaerobic res is …. speed

Answer 3

faste

Question 4

When yeast respire anaerobically they regenerate their

Answer 4

NAD through:

decarboxylate the pyruvate, releasing a molecule of carbon dioxide.
This converts the pyruvate into ethanal.
The ethanal is then reduced by the reduced NAD into ethanol, regenerating the NAD for glycolysis and the production of ATP to continue

This is known as alcohol fermentation.

Question 5

The yeast feeds on the
anaerobic res in bread

Answer 5

sugars in the dough and respires anaerobically as it uses up any available oxygen quickly. The carbon dioxide produced in the dough creates the bubbles that cause the dough to rise. Any ethanol produced evaporates away during the baking process.

Question 6

anaerobic for alcohol

Answer 6

In brewing, the yeast feeds on the sugars from the material being fermented eg grapes

Anaerobic conditions are maintained by fermenting in a sealed container or fermenter. The ethanol produced is the desired product of this fermentation process. The carbon dioxide may also be used to make some of these products carbonated.

Question 7

Substrate-level phosphorylation is a

Answer 7

biochemical process where a phosphate group is directly transferred from a substrate molecule to ADP (adenosine diphosphate), resulting in the formation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 8

Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which

Answer 8

cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, releasing energy to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main energy currency of the cell

Question 9

end of krebs we have made:

Answer 9

4 ATP- (2 glycolysis, 2, krebs

10 Nadh (2 glycolysis, 2 link, 6 krebs

2 Fadh (all from Krebs)

6 co2

Question 10

phosphorylated

Answer 10

introduce a phosphate group into (a molecule or compound).

Question 11

why do all cells need to produce atp

Answer 11

because atp is not a mobile molecule so all cells need a constant supply of it

Question 12

is atp a stable molecule?

Answer 12

no, which is why it can get energy so redily

Question 13

at high concentrations ethanol can be

Answer 13

toxic to yeast