A1.1

Question 1

water is required for

Answer 1

effective interacion of growing/ copying molecules in life

formation of compartments which have internal chemistry (diffrent from enviroment)

Question 2

cell membranes only function in a

Answer 2

watery enviro

Question 3

metabolism

Answer 3

enzyme catalysed chemicsl reactions turning food to energy

Question 4

metabolism can only occure in a

Answer 4

watery inviroment

Question 5

o2 is more

Answer 5

electromagnetic than h so attracts the shared electron more

Question 6

more shells

Answer 6

decrease pull on electrons since further away from protons and electrons will shiled them from nucleus

Question 7

intermoleular forces called

Answer 7

H bond, holds molecules together,

Question 8

H bond
drawn
resitss increase of

Answer 8

but is week so shown in dotted line

due to h bond wster resists increase on sa from gravity/ objects

Question 9

angle for molecular drawings

Answer 9

104.5º

Question 10

Cohesion

Answer 10

Water is attracted to water,

Question 11

Adhesion

Answer 11

Water is attracted to other substances

Question 12

all things are just tryi ng to

Answer 12

survive e reproduce

Question 13

bipolar

Answer 13

one positive and one negaive regions

Question 14

polar molecule

Answer 14

one or more regions are partially charged

Question 15

process which rely on water

Answer 15

metabolism, circulation
photosynthesis
osmosis

Question 16

electronegativity

Answer 16

how stronglyn nucleus attracts the electrons it shares with another atom

Question 17

water advantages

Answer 17

transparent
less ºc change
protection from uv radiation
food flows past
less impact from gravity

Question 18

in water, electrons pulled

Answer 18

closer to o2 cause more protons which attract it, makes it a universal solvent

Question 19

in water sturggles

Answer 19

high pressure
dark
cold

Question 20

h bonds makes water molecules

Answer 20

sticky cause of cohesion

Question 21

capillary action

Answer 21

water cohesion/ adhesion and pulls through narrown tubes. in sand and soil and xylem

Question 22

meniscus

Answer 22

cause molecules are attracted to the container

Question 23

in plants, capillary action draws

Answer 23

more water out and prwvents cells from dryign out

Question 24

hydrophilic

Answer 24

attraction to water, generally polar molecules, can dissolve, (tea, sugar, amylase) sodium mino acids

Question 25

hydrophobic

Answer 25

oil fat (like cell mebranes) non polar

Question 26

aquaporins

Answer 26

transmembrane protens

Question 27

plasme (water bases) in blood uses water as

Answer 27

water as solvent and can transport gliucoes and minerals

Question 28

blood transports

Answer 28

nutrients hormones and waste

Question 29

we use haemoglobins since

Answer 29

they can transport more o2 and cause it is non polar so wont dissolve

Question 30

water properties which influence things

Answer 30

buoyancy viscosity thermal conductivity (higher than air) specific heat capacity (water is more than air sicne we gotta break H bonds, even tho h bonds are weak)

Question 31

when earth was formed

Answer 31

4 or 5 billion yeard agao it was too hot fo4 liqui watwer and we think water came from comets

Question 32

the habitable/ goldylocks zone

Answer 32

orbital distance from star which will result in iquid water

Question 33

capilary action if paper is +

Answer 33

the - will atteact and vise versa

Question 34

H BONDS

Answer 34

give high surface tension, allow droplets and ponk skimmers and high boiling e melting poings forms not dense lettice stabliize double helix struccture

Question 35

if a scientist was thinking if a planet could have life they would consider

Answer 35

hot temperatuees for chemical reactions (from a star) sovlent liquid water