C1.3 Metals and Their Uses Flashcards
where are metals found?
in the Earth’s crust
what is a metal ore?
a rock with the metal compund or metal in it
If it is worth extracting a particular metal depends on:
how easy it is to extract from it’s ore and how much metal the ore contains
Name some metals that are found in their natural state
gold and silver (they’re unreactive)
What does the way you extract a metal depend on?
it’s position in the reactivity series
What element can you use for extracting copper, lead and iron?
carbon
metal oxide+carbon=
metal+carbon dioxide
How are elements above carbon extracted?
electrolysis
Where do you extract iron from it’s ore?
a blast furnace
iron oxide+carbon=
iron+carbon dioxide
Uses of iron from the blast furnace
contains impurities, makes it brittle. when molten used as cast iron
What is an alloy?
a metal mixed with another metal
What is an alloy of iron?
steel
Advantage of high-alloy steels
does not rust
What are titanium and aluminium used for?
making of an aeroplane
Properties of aluminium and titanium
not corrosive, strong, low density
Properties of aluminium
silvery, shiny, light, low density, good conductor of energy and electricity, malleable and ductile, not corrosive,
Uses of aluminium
drinks cans, cooking foil, saucepans, bicycles, aeroplanes
Properties of titanium
silvery-white, very strong, resistant to corrosion, high melting point
Uses of titanium
parts of jet engines, hip joints, nuclear reactors
What element do you use to extract titanium
sodium or magnesium
What is copper extracted from?
copper-rich ores
How to extract copper
smelting or use of sulphuric acid
How do you extract copper from low-grade ores?
bioleaching or phytomining
