C3.4 Analysis and Synthesis Flashcards

(27 cards)

1
Q

Flame colour of lithium

A

crimson

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2
Q

Flame colour of sodium

A

yellow

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3
Q

Flame colour of potassium

A

lilac

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4
Q

Flame colour of calcium

A

red

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5
Q

Flame colour of barium

A

green

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6
Q

What metal ions form a white precipitate when reacted with sodium hydroxide?

A

aluminium, calcium or magnesium

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7
Q

Flame colour of magnesium

A

no colour

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8
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when sodium chloride reacts with copper?

A

blue

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9
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when sodium chloride reacts with iron(II)?

A

green

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10
Q

What colour precipitate is formed when sodium chloride reacts with iron(III)?

A

brown

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11
Q

Dilute acid +carbonate

A

= carbon dioxide (limewater cloudy)

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12
Q

When you react nitric acid, silver nitrate solution and chlorine, what colour precipitate is there?

A

white

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13
Q

When you react nitric acid, silver nitrate solution and bromide, what colour precipitate is there?

A

cream

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14
Q

When you react nitric acid, silver nitrate solution and iodide, what colour precipitate is there?

A

pale yellow

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15
Q

How do you test for sulphate ions?

A

add HCl and barium chloride solution a white precipitate is formed for sulphate ions

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16
Q

What is equilibrium?

A

the point in a reversible reaction in which the forward and backward rates of reaction are the same

17
Q

In equilibrium, if the forward reaction produces more moles of gas….

A

an increase in pressure decreases the amount of products formed, a decrease in pressure increases the amount of products formed

18
Q

In equilibrium, if the forward reaction produces fewer molecules of gas…

A

an increase in pressure increases the amount of products formed, a decrease in pressure decreases the amount of products formed

19
Q

In euilibrium if the forward reaction is exothermic…

A

an increase in temp decreases the amount of products formed

20
Q

in equilibrium, if the forward reaction reaction is endothermic…

A

an increase in temp increases the amount of product formed, a decrease in temp decreases the amount of products formed

21
Q

Why is nitrogen lost in plants?

A

roots absorb nitrates and die and release the nitrate so farmers need to put nitrate in soil every year

22
Q

When making ammonia, where does nitrogen come from?

23
Q

When making ammonia, where does hydrogen come from?

A

natural gas (methane) and steam

24
Q

What process is used when making ammonia?

A

the haber proccess

25
What happens in the Haber process?
the elements are passed over an iron catalyst at 450 degrees and 200 atmospheres
26
Why is the pressure not higher?
lots of energy to compress, expensive, explosion
27
why do we use a catalyst?
Speeds up forward and backward so we get more ammonia quicker