C1500-C1700

Question 1

Describe Infantry in this time?

Answer 1

Biggest portion of army
Composted of musketeers and pike men
by 1700 almost all of them were armed with
muskets

Question 2

Describe dragoons in this time

Answer 2

Quite small in number
Mounted infantry
Armed with muskets
Usually rode to position and
fought on foot as couldn’t
fire musket on horse
Cheap to recruit

Question 3

Things about Cavalry?

Answer 3

Made up 1/3 of army
Armed with pistols and
swords
No longer had to wear full
suits of armour, only plate
armour breastplates

Question 4

Impact on Civilians

Answer 4

• Requisitioning - forcible
  taking of food for armies
• Billeting the Troops - civilians
  also expected to provide
  army with accommodation
• Taxation - government
  increased taxation to fund
  war
• Besieged Towns - about 150
  towns were besieged with
  caused over 10% of deaths in
  Civil War

Question 5

New Model Army

Answer 5

• Set up by Parliament
• More professional than previous
  armies
• Parliament passed Self-Denying
  Ordinance in 1645 - incompetent
  military leaders were replaced with
  people with military experience
• Troops trained and disciplined
• Infantry troops better paid and
  issued uniform
• National Army

Question 6

Snaphance Pistol?

Answer 6

1560s,
unreliable, short
range and
inaccurate but
could be used one
handed

Question 7

Flintlock musket?

Answer 7

1610s, quicker
and more reliable
than matchlock
muskets, but
expensive

Question 8

Recruitment continuity?

Answer 8

• Sending Commissioners of
  Array to recruit local men
• Equipment was paid for by
  taxes

Question 9

Change in recruitment?

Answer 9

Civil war in 1642-1649 both
sides wanted to recruit quickly
so resorted to conscription
(Parliament in 1643, Royalists in
1644)
Increased number of men but
not properly trained
Both sides produced
propaganda pamphlets

Question 10

Battle of Naseby 1645

Answer 10

• The Royalist army fought Parliament’s New
  Model Army
• Royalists had approx. 9,000 troops, while
  Parliament had approx. 13,000
• Parliamentarians were slightly higher and
  protected by hedges and boggy ground -
  position chosen by Cromwell
• Cromwell charged the Parliamentarian
  army forward (Ironsides) and they
  defeated the Royalist infantry
• New Model Army were victorious

Question 11

Change in Weaponary?

Answer 11

• Guns replaced traditional weapons like
  longbows and crossbows
• By 1640s 1/2 English infantry armed with
  guns
• Matchlock mechanism meant handguns
  could be fired more easily
• Muskets were more powerful, accurate
  and took less time to learn than a bow