C2: Review Questions Flashcards
The amount of radiation actually received by a patient from a diagnostic x-ray procedure may be indicated in terms such as:
1. entrance skin exposure (ESE), which includes skin and glandular dose
2. bone marrow dose
3. gonadal dose
1, 2, and 3
Which of the following processes is the foundation for imaging of the interaction of x-rays with human tissue?
ionization
Why are the long-term effects, such as an increased incidence of cancer in the exposed population living near Japan’s Fukusjima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, unable to be accurately determined?
it was extremely difficult to measure the amounts of radiation people received
According to the most recent available data from 2016, what is the radiation dose from natural background radiation attributed to exposure from radon and thoron?
2.3 mSv
Which of the following are natural sources of ionizing radiation?
radioactive elements in the crust of the Earth and in the human body
An equivalent dose as low as 250 mSv delivered to the whole body may cause which of the following within a few days?
a substantial decrease within a few days in the number of lymphocytes or white blood cells that are the body’s primary defense against disease
How is actual radiation dose to the global population from atmospheric fallout from nuclear weapons testing reveived?
it is not received all at once but instead its delivered over a period of years at changing dose rates
As of 2016, which of the following is the total average annual radiation equivalent dose from medical, human-made, and natural radiation?
5.5 mSv per year
The Russian liquidators who worked during 1986 and 1987 at the Chernobyl power complex demonstrated a statistically significant rise in the number of:
1. breast cancer cases
2. leukemia cases
3. prostate cancer cases
2 only
Which of the following is recognized as the main adverse health effect from the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power accident?
increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents
