C2 - The Peridoic Table

Question 1

What order do the elements in the periodic table sit?

Answer 1

They increase in atomic number

Question 2

Why do elements in the same group in the periodic table have similar properties?

Answer 2

They all have the same number of electrons in their outer shell

Question 3

why are elements in group 0 unreactive?

Answer 3

They have a full outer shell - cannot lose or gain electrons

Question 4

why are elements in group 1 so reactive

Answer 4

They only have 1 electron in their outershell so it is very easy to lose.

Question 5

What order did mendeleev make the the periodic table?

Answer 5

Increasing in weight and left gaps so new elements can be discovered

Question 6

If an element reacts to form positive ions they are ______

Answer 6

Metals

Question 7

Elements that do not form positive ions are _________

Answer 7

Non metals

Question 8

Are the majority of the elements in the periodic table, Metals or Non-Metals

Answer 8

Metals

Question 9

What are the elements in group 0 called?

Answer 9

Noble gases

Question 10

What are the elements in group 7 called?

Answer 10

Halogens

Question 11

What is group 0s reactivity like?

Answer 11

They are unreactive

Question 12

What increases as you go down group 0 (Noble gases)?

Answer 12

The boiling point

Question 13

What are the elements in group 1 called?

Answer 13

Alkali Metals

Question 14

What increases as you go down group 1 (Alkali Metals)?

Answer 14

Reactivity

Question 15

What increases as you go down group 7? (halogens)

Answer 15

Relative molecular mass
Boling point
Melting point

Question 16

What is the pattern of reactivity in group 7?

Answer 16

Reactivity decreases as you go down thr group

Question 17

What can a more reactive halogen do to a salt of a less reactive halogen? (E.g what can chlorine do to bromine?)

Answer 17

Displace it

Question 18

What are transition metals?

Answer 18

Metals with similar properties which are different to Alkali Metals

Question 19

Why are transition metal ions important?

Answer 19

They have different charges
Can form coloured compounds
Useful as catlysts

Question 20

What is the result of (a group 1 element) Lithium + Water?

Answer 20

Lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 21

Why are group 1 elements called Alkali Metals?

Answer 21

They react with water to form an alkali

Question 22

Why does reactivity in group 1 increase as you move down the group?

Answer 22

As you go down the group, the atoms increase in size
The bigger the atom, the further away the Outer electron is from the nucleus
So, the electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and outershell electron gets weaker
Making it easier for the atom to give up the electron
(This increases reactivity)

Question 23

What is the result of flourine + potassium chloride?

Answer 23

Potassium flouride + chlorine

Question 24

What properties do elements in group 0 (noble gases) have?

Answer 24

Full outer shells
Very unreactive - do not bond to form molecules
Boiling points increase as you go down the group

Question 25

What does 'inert' mean in chemistry?

Answer 25

Very unreactive

Question 26

What do group 1 elements react with?

Answer 26

Oxygen Chlorine Water

Question 27

What is the result of (a group 1 element) Lithium + Oxygen?

Answer 27

Lithium oxide

Question 28

What is the result of (a group 1 element) Lithium + Chlorine?

Answer 28

Lithium Chloride

Question 29

What is a metal?

Answer 29

An element which can form positive ions when they react

Question 30

How do you seperate Metals and Non-metals on the periodic table?

Answer 30

Draw a staircase line from Boron to Og

Question 31

What is the difference between metals and non-metals?

Answer 31

Non-metals dont generally form positive ions when they react

Question 32

Why do atoms react?

Answer 32

To form a full outershell

Question 33

How do atoms react to form a full outershell?

Answer 33

Losing, gaining or sharing electrons

Question 34

What are three properties of Metal?

Answer 34

They are strong Good conductors of heat Have high boiling points

Question 35

What happens to Group 1 Alkali Metals reactivity when they are put in water?

Answer 35

They react very vigorously

Question 36

What happens to Lithium, Sodium and Potassium (first three group 1 elements') when they are put in water?

Answer 36

They float and move around the surface, fizzing furiously

Question 37

What happens when Potassium and Below in group 1, when they are put in water?

Answer 37

So much energy is given out that there is enough to ignite hydrogen

Question 38

What is formed when group 1 elements react vigourously in chlorine gas?

Answer 38

White salts called metal chlorides

Question 39

Why does reactivity decrease as you go down group 7?

Answer 39

The outershell gets further away from the nucleus, so it is harder to gain an extra electron Opposite of group 1

Question 40

Complete the equation for the reaction of potassium with water and balance the equation K + H2O -->

Answer 40

(2) K + (2) H2O --> (2) KHO + H2

Question 41

What are the differences between the physical properties of group 1 and transition metals?

Answer 41

Group 1 is: less dense Has lower melting point and boiling point Less strong

Question 42

Bromine Boiling point is 59°C. Why is it not correct to say that the boiling point of a single bromine molecule is 59°C?

Answer 42

Its demonstrating the boiling points of ALL molecules in the substance, not just one.

Question 43

Why did most of the alpha particles pass through the gold foil in the alpha scattering experiment by Rutherford?

Answer 43

Most of the atom is 'empty' space

Question 44

Give one reason why it would be hazardous if water came into contact with sodium.

Answer 44

Sodium is very explosive

Question 45

Suggest why a reacrion using a toxic gas is carried out in an atmosphere of argon and not in air.

Answer 45

Oxygen in air can react Argon is inert

Question 46

Why does BP and MP increase as you go down group 7?

Answer 46

Molecule size increases and there are more electrons This strengthens the intermolecular forces That require more energy to break

Question 48

What differentiates transition metals from group 1 alkali metals?

Answer 48

Transition metals: have higher melting and boiling points Can form coloured compounds

Question 49

Which group of the modern periodic table is missing from Mendeleev’s table?

Answer 49

Group 0 - Noble gases

Question 50

What is the state and colour of Fluorine at room temperature

Answer 50

Gas Yellow

Question 51

What is the state and colour of Chlorine at room temperature

Answer 51

Gas Green

Question 52

What is the state and colour of Bromine at room temperature

Answer 52

Liquid Brown

Question 53

What is the state and colour of iodine at room temperature

Answer 53

Solid Dark Grey