Cadiovascular System

Question 1

Consists of the heart and blood vessels

Answer 1

Cardiovascular system

Question 2

Hollow cone shaped muscular pump. Generates force to transport respiratory gases nutrients and waste through body

Answer 2

Heart

Question 3

Transport blood throughout the body

Answer 3

Blood vessels

Question 4

Blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart are called

Answer 4

Arteries

Question 5

Blood vessels that transport blood towards the heart are called

Answer 5

Veins

Question 6

Transport blood between arteries and veins and perform nutrient gas and waste exchange

Answer 6

Capillaries

Question 7

The cardiovascular system consists of two close circuit pathways which are

Answer 7

Pulmonary circuit
Systemic circuit

Question 8

Carries oxygen poor blood from heart to lungs drops off carbon dioxide picks up oxygen flows back to heart

Answer 8

Pulmonary circuit

Question 9

Transports oxygen rich blood and nutrients to body cells, removes waste from cells flows back to heart.

Answer 9

Systemic circuit

Question 10

The right side of the heart does what

Answer 10

Pumps blood to the pulmonary circuit and returns oxygen rich blood to left atrium

Question 11

The left side of the heart does what

Answer 11

Pumps blood to the systemic circuit. Returns blood to right atrium of heart

Question 12

Covering over heart and proximal end of large blood vessels

Answer 12

Pericardium (pericardial sac)

Question 13

Four portions of the pericardium

Answer 13

Visceral pericardium
Pericardial cavity
Parietal pericardium
Fibrous pericardium

Question 14

Inner layer of serous membrane. Attached to surface of heart. Also called epicardium

Answer 14

Visceral pericardium

Question 15

Space between visceral and parietal layers of serous pericardium

Answer 15

Pericardial cavity

Question 16

Deep to fibrous pericardium; outer layer of serous membrane.

Answer 16

Parietal pericardium

Question 17

Tough outer layer, that surrounds double layered serous membrane. 

Answer 17

Fibrous pericardium

Question 18

The heart wall has three distinct layers which are:

Answer 18

Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium

Question 19

Inner layer of heart wall, thin, forms inner lining of all heart chambers. 

Answer 19

Endocardium

Question 20

Middle layer of heart wall, thickest, layer composed of cardiac muscle tissue. 

Answer 20

Myocardium

Question 21

Outer layer of heart wall, thin, also called visceral pericardium, reduces friction. 

Answer 21

Epicardium

Question 22

Thin-walled upper chambers of heart; receives blood returning to heart. 

Answer 22

Atria

Question 23

Flap-like projections from atria, which allow atrial expansion.

Answer 23

Auricles

Question 24

Thick-walled lower chambers of heart, pumps blood into arteries. 

Answer 24

Ventricles

Question 25

What are the four chambers of the heart?

Answer 25

Right atrium Right ventricle Left atrium Left ventricle

Question 26

Ventricle which receives blood returning from systemic circuit (From the superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary Sinus) pumps blood into right ventricle

Answer 26

Right atrium

Question 27

Chamber of the heart which receives blood from right atrium pumps blood to lungs

Answer 27

Right ventricle

Question 28

Chamber of the heart which receives blood from the pulmonary veins; pumps blood to left ventricle

Answer 28

Left atrium

Question 29

Chamber of heart which receives blood from the left atrium; pumps blood to systemic circuit

Answer 29

Left ventricle

Question 30

Separates left and right atria

Answer 30

Interatrial septum

Question 31

Separates left and right ventricles

Answer 31

Intraventricular septum

Question 32

Returns oxygen poor blood to the heart

Answer 32

Superior and inferior venae cavae

Question 33

Separates right atrium from right ventricle

Answer 33

Tricuspid valve

Question 34

Separates right ventricle from pulmonary trunk

Answer 34

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 35

Separate left atrium from left ventricle

Answer 35

Mitral (bicuspid) valve

Question 36

Separates left ventricle from aorta

Answer 36

Aortic semilunar valve

Question 37

Fibrous strings that attach costs of tricuspid and mitral valves to papillary muscles in wall of heart

Answer 37

Chordae tendineae 

Question 38

Return oxygen rich blood from lungs to left atrium 

Answer 38

Pulmonary veins (4)

Question 39

Contraction of a heart chambers called?

Answer 39

Systole

Question 40

Relaxation of a heart chamber is called?

Answer 40

Diastole

Question 41

The events that occur during a heartbeat is called

Answer 41

Cardiac cycle

Question 42

The cardiac cycle consist of: 

Answer 42

Atria contract (atrial systole) while ventricles relax (ventricular diastole) Then ventricles contract (ventricular systole) while atria relax (atrial diastole) Then both chambers relax briefly

Question 43

Have one central nucleus, and form branching networks. Have intercalated discs between cells containing desmosomes for structural support and gap junctions to spread action potential through a network of cells.

Answer 43

Cardiac muscle cells

Question 44

Mass of merging cells that function as a unit

Answer 44

Functional syncytium

Question 45

The heart is made up of two functional syncytiums called

Answer 45

Atrial syncytium (in atrial wall) Ventricular syncytium (in ventricular walls)

Question 46

Specialized group of cardiac muscle cells which initiate and distribute cardiac action potential throughout myocardium

Answer 46

Cardiac conduction system

Question 47

Pacemaker; initiates rhythmic contraction of the heart

Answer 47

SA (sinoatrial) node

Question 48

Conducts impulses from SA node to atria

Answer 48

Internodal Atrial muscle

Question 49

Conduct impulses from SA node to AV node

Answer 49

Junctional fibers

Question 50

Conducts impulses to AV bundle; delays impulse, so that the atria finish contracting before ventricles contract.

Answer 50

AV (Atrioventricular) bundle (of his)

Question 51

Split off from AV bundle conduct impulses to Purkinje fibers on both sides of heart

Answer 51

Left and right bundle branches

Question 52

Large fibers that conduct impulses to ventricular myocardium conduct impulses to Apex first; whorled pattern of muscle in ventricles contract with twisting motion

Answer 52

Purkinje fibers

Question 53

A recording of electrical changes that occur in the myocardium during the cardiac cycle

Answer 53

Electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG)

Question 54

Atrial depolarization occurs just prior to atrial contraction (wave)

Answer 54

P-wave

Question 55

Ventricular depolarization occurs just prior to ventricular contraction. Record of atrial repolarization is hidden in the large QRS complex since ventricular depolarization is a much larger event (3 waves)

Answer 55

QRS complex

Question 56

Ventricular repolarization occurs just prior to ventricular relaxation (wave)

Answer 56

T-wave