Caesar Flashcards
(19 cards)
Scullion on the Lex Campanina
“This override of Civilian by Military needs was in part the legacy of Marinus”
- populares action
Bill to give Caesar imperium over Cisapine Gaul and Illyricium for 5 years (59 BC)
Lex Vatinia, proposed by tribune Vatinius changing Caesar’s proconsular province from the ‘woods and pastures of Italy’ to his gallic command
Scholarship, patronage
Scullion: ‘He could dominate the senate , magistrates and people, his patronage was all-persuasive.’
When was Caesar made prefect of the morals, and dictator for 10 years?
46 BC
Historical precedent for Caesar as Dictator Perpetuo
Holding the office for an indefinite period of time, Sulla’s dictatorship was also unlimited
Prefect of morals
46 BC conveyed censorial powers
Caesar’s patronage
Scullion: ‘his patronage was all-persuasive’
What actions did Caesar take as dictator to benefit the masses?
Halved the recipients of the corn dole.
Drafted the surplus population into his new colonies.
More jobs: At least 1/3rd of Labourers on large estates had to be freed men rather than slaves. / Building program ensured new jobs.
Measures were passed to relieve debt, to safeguard crediators form incurring heavy debts, to revitalise Italian industry.
Romanisation of the empire
Promoted over 20 oversea colonies, including Carthage to settle his veterans and the urban poor.
Ratified many towns and settlements in Transalpine Gaul, granting full citizenship to select towns such as Lisbon.
Caesar’s 5th Triumph Date/Plutarch
46 BC, following Caesar’s victory at Munda against Lebideus and Pompey’s sons.
It ‘vexed the Romans’ … ‘it commemorated no either victory than the utter annihilation of the sons and the family of the mightest Romans.’
The deification of Caesar
A college of priests was established called the Julian Luperci
A temple was erected in his clemency
His ivory image was carried with the gods in festivals.
Scholarship - January 44 BC expulsion of the Tribunes
Morstein-Marx: ‘The affair amounted to an unambiguous and extreme violation of tribunician sacrosanctity.
Who were the tribunes exiled by the senate (under the command of Caesar) in 44 BC
Flavus and Marullus.
Caesar’s letter to the senate in 49 BC - Plutarch
Attempt to reconcile- probably offered peace and listed Caesar’s services to the state. Plutarch says ‘he was expecting just and moderate things.’
Rome was good under Caesar’s scholarship
Goldsworthy: (Rome was) better run than it had been for decades, even if things were not being done in the traditional way.
Warner
Caesar had planned from the outset to overthrow the republic
The trivumvirate - scholarship
Scullard ‘the ultimate origin of the civil war.’
Caesar’s building program
extended the forum to create the forum Julian
deepend the Ostia harbour
built a road across the apennines
improved the city’s drainage
planned a vast libary
drained the pontine marshes to open up more farm land
How did caesar reward his army
increased their pay from 120 to 225 sestercies a day (Marius- importance of army, assuring their loyalty)
