Camp David and the end of the peace process

Question 1

How strong was Barak’s hold on power in Israel?

Answer 1

Not very - lost majority after three parties left his coalition

Question 2

What percentage of the WB would remain in Israeli hands?

Answer 2

20.5%

Question 3

What has Said said about Israel’s/Barak’s approach to CD?

Answer 3

Not inclined to visions of coexistence of equality - separation not integration

Question 4

What has Shlaim argued about Arafat at CD?

Answer 4

Critical juncture in his people’s history but lacked courage and statesmanship

Question 5

Which two key figures have argued that Clinton sided with Barak?

Answer 5

Malley and Agha

Question 6

Which Israeli academic has stressed that CD was far from generous and reflected diminished realities imposed on Palestinians in 1990s?

Answer 6

Roy

Question 7

Why does Roy argue that CD was inevitably going to fail?

Answer 7

Because the Occupation would have remained structurally intact - upheld Oslo and its fundamental principles

Question 8

How much money was earmarked for settlements under Barak in 2001?

Answer 8

$500m

Question 9

How many housing units did Barak begin constructing in 2000?

Answer 9

2000

Question 10

What was only vaguely mentioned in Barak’s offer?

Answer 10

Resolution 242

Question 11

What percentage of settlers would have been annexed?

Answer 11

80%

Question 12

How many Palestinians were living in the settlement blocs to be annexed?

Answer 12

80-100,000

Question 13

In what way was Camp David a watershed?

Answer 13

Watershed in terms of momentum and popular support esp. on Israeli side

Question 14

What are the two paradigmatic frameworks through which to assess the failure of Oslo?

Answer 14

Structural or historical

Question 15

When was Rabin assassinated?

Answer 15

November 1995

Question 16

How many were present at the peace rally when Rabin was assassinated?

Answer 16

150,000

Question 17

When had negotiations to determine final status been due to commence?

Answer 17

4 May 1996

Question 18

What was the name of an unofficial peace agreement drafted in 1995?

Answer 18

Beilin-Abu Mazen/Stockholm Accord

Question 19

What were the proposals included in the Stockholm Accord? Why did it fail?

Answer 19

Annexation of 6% of WB; only recognition of WJ as capital. Rejected by Peres

Question 20

What was the context of the Hebron Protocol?

Answer 20

Violent clashes following blasting open of tunnel near Al Aqsa

Question 21

What did the Wye Agreement offer the Palestinians?

Answer 21

Full or partial control of 40% of WB

Question 22

After how many hours of debate was the Wye Agreement ratified by the Knesset?

Answer 22

7 hours - approved 75 s. 19

Question 23

What did the Wye agreement ban either side from doing

Answer 23

Unilateral actions

Question 24

How many conditions were imposed on the Palestinians before the second pullback in the Wye Agreement would be implemented?

Answer 24

5

Question 25

What was Israel's sole obligation detailed in the Wye Memorandum, that it failed to keep to?

Answer 25

Transfer of 5% of territory in WB to joint control

Question 26

What does Gelvin criticise Arafat for failing to do?

Answer 26

Bring opponents of Oslo into line - carried along by events rathe than the one shaping them

Question 27

By how many votes did Peres win his 'vote of confidence'?

Answer 27

61

Question 28

What was Peres's vision?

Answer 28

'New Middle East'

Question 29

By how much did Bibi win his first election?

Answer 29

1% - but first directly elected PM

Question 30

How far ahead was Peres in the polls at the start?

Answer 30

20%

Question 31

Why did Peres's election campaign fail?

Answer 31

Lacklustre - refused to focus on twin dangers of religious fanaticism and political extremism. Failure to emphasise election was a choice between Labor's peace policy and Likud's Greater Israel policy

Question 32

What percentage of the votes did Barak win in 1999?

Answer 32

56%

Question 33

What was the maximum amount of the control the PA had of the WB in the 1990s?

Answer 33

18%

Question 34

Who has pointed out the expansion in the number of settlers in the 1990s?

Answer 34

Rabbani

Question 35

What does Masri point out re. settlements?

Answer 35

More approved in Barak's first year than in Netanyahu's (65%)

Question 36

According to the World Bank, what fraction of Palestinians lived on less than two dollars per day in 2004?

Answer 36

1/4

Question 37

What was the drop in GNP per capita during Oslo?

Answer 37

36%

Question 38

What was the level of unemployment in the post-Oslo period?

Answer 38

28%

Question 39

When was the first closure of the WB imposed?

Answer 39

March 1993

Question 40

Who argues that CD was a defining event in the history of P-I relations and the whole middle east?

Answer 40

Shamir

Question 41

What three narratives are there of the collapse of CD?

Answer 41

Orthodox, Revisionist, Determinist

Question 42

Name some advocates of the 'Orthodox' approach

Answer 42

Barak, Ben-Ami, Ross, Seliktar

Question 43

Why does Barak challenge the label of 'Orthodox' narrative?

Answer 43

Argues it was common sense

Question 44

Who are advocates of the revisionist approach to the failure of CD?

Answer 44

Malley, Agha, Sontag, Hanieh

Question 45

What is the Israeli revisionist narrative and who is one of its advocates?

Answer 45

Pundik - that Barak should have stressed the creation of a state rather than using euphemisms e.g. political entity

Question 46

Which Palestinian historian argues that Israel was never serious with its proposals and that I/A negotiators behaved more like mathematicians than statesmen?

Answer 46

Al Abed

Question 47

How many Palestinians would have been annexed to israel?

Answer 47

370,000

Question 48

Who questions 'which Jerusalem' was being referred to in the talks given the expansion of municipal boundaries?

Answer 48

Merhav

Question 49

Who is in favour of the determinist narrative?

Answer 49

Avineri

Question 50

What did Reinhart say about CD?

Answer 50

Called it the 'CD Fraud'

Question 51

Who argues that Palestinians could never make a deal because of their refusal to accept Israel as a Jewish state, as highlighted by their insistence on the right of return?

Answer 51

Avineri

Question 52

Who does Dajani blame for the failure?

Answer 52

Both for not doing enough

Question 53

Who has argued that America needed a quick rather than just deal?

Answer 53

Gresh and Clark

Question 54

Who is Baroud very critical of and why?

Answer 54

Barak - so-called dove. Two faced. Open disregard for Palestinian rights.

Question 55

What has Hanan Ashrawi pointed out?

Answer 55

No written proposal ever presented to Palestinians

Question 56

What negotiations took place in 2008?

Answer 56

Olmert-Abbas

Question 57

According to the Olmert-Abbas proposal, what would happen?

Answer 57

Partition based on 1967 with some land swaps including annexation of 4 main settlement blocs and all settlements in EJ; passage between WB and G under Israeli sovereignty; partition of Jerusalem with holy sites under international control; repatriation of 100-150,000 over 10-15 years. Acknowledge suffering but not responsibility whilst also mentioning Jewish/israeli suffering. Demilitarised.

Question 58

What does Said argue about the second intifada?

Answer 58

Logical outcome of Oslo - same point made by Masri

Question 59

What happened in April 1996?

Answer 59

Operation Grapes of Wrath

Question 60

What happened in May 2000?

Answer 60

Retreat from South Lebanon

Question 61

Which report crushed the argument that the second intifada was the result of instigation by the PA?

Answer 61

Mitchell Report

Question 62

What does Nusseleh argue should have happened before CD?

Answer 62

Two part agreement in prep - one on issues over which there were no unbridgeable differences and another on remaining issues