cancer Flashcards
1
Q
whats the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the uk
A
prostate
2
Q
whats the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women in the uk
A
breast
3
Q
what are the 7 hallmark features of cancer cells
A
invasion and metastasis immortality inability to maintain dna angiogensis (blood vessel growth) activated growth signalling glycolytic metabolism for growth sustained proliferation
4
Q
what causes the hallmark features of cancer cells
A
abnormal cell function due to gene mutation resulting in altered protein production
5
Q
what are the 5 main reasons for dna mutations which result in cancer
A
dna replication errors mutagens chromotripsis (cluttered chromosome arrangement) inherited defective dna repair
6
Q
what is metastasis
A
development of a secondary malignant growth distant from the primary malignant growth
7
Q
what are the four main types of cancer treatment
A
surgery
chemotherapy
radiotherapy
targeted drug therapy
8
Q
what two reasons make targeted treatment in cancer so difficult?
A
cancer is usually a multi-defect disease so one drug is not enough
drug resistance
