Carbohydrates Flashcards
(27 cards)
Major food source and supply of the body but not the only source of energy
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates contains
C,H,O
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
CHO are _ & _ derivatives of _
aldehydes / ketone derivatives of polyhydroxy-alcohol
Monosaccharides are characterized by:
- Functional Group
(Aldehyde & Ketone) - Number of Carbon Atoms
(Triose, Tetrose, Pentose, Hexose)
ALDEHYDE = Aldose = FG found in _
last part
KETONE = Ketose = FG in _
between 2 C groups
Examples of Monosaccharides:
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
Ribose
Deoxyribose
Monosaccharide found in seminal fluid
fructose
has 3-6 carbon atoms only
MONOSACCHARIDES
(one saccharide unit only; simplest CHO)
Disaccharides (2 monosaccharide units) joined together by a _
glycosidic linkage
glycosidic bond
ALPHA – oriented _
BETA – oriented _
alpha: down
beta: up
Disaccharides Examples
Sucrose
Maltose
Lactose
Glucose + Fructose
Sucrose
Glucose + Glucose
Maltose
Glucose + Galactose
Lactose
Disaccharides with alpha glycosidic bond
Sucrose
Maltose
Disaccharides with beta glycosidic bond
Lactose
also known as Table Sugar
Sucrose
LACTOSE is the Principal disaccharide found in milk in _ & _
cows and humans
POLYSACCHARIDES examples
Glycogen
Starch
Cellulose
Major form of polysaccharide found in animals/human
majority are found in the _ and some in the _.
GLYCOGEN
liver; muscle
Mainly found in seeds / roots of plants
starch
two types of starch
- amylose (20% of total amylase): unbranched
- amylopectin : branched
Found in cells of nearly all plant cells
Cannot be digested by humans
cellulose
