Carbon Cycle And Human Influences

Question 1

What are the biological consequences of pollution of air by sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide

Answer 1

Mining/factories/cars cause them to be realeased.

Gases react with moisture in air and form acid rain clouds.

Kill fish, trees and erode marble buildings

Question 2

Water vapour

Answer 2

from Lakes and rivers

Question 3

Carbon dioxide

Answer 3

Burning fossil fuels , cutting down trees

effect- contribute to global warming by coming a layer in the atmoshpere

Question 4

Methane

Answer 4

Broken down bacteria from cows and swamp marshes

effect- global warming

Question 5

CFs

Answer 5

Chlorofluorocarbons:

Aerosols, fridges

Question 6

Nitrous oxide

Answer 6

Power stations and car fumes

effect- acid rain

Question 7

What are the consequences of global warming?

Answer 7

Sea levels rise, spreading of diseases, habitat destruction

Question 8

Human activities which contribute to green house gases

Answer 8

Cutting down trees- more co2 in air

Driving- adding pollution

Heating homes, charging devices, turning on lights

Question 9

The green house effect

Answer 9

A normal process however as humans we have thickened the layer by polluting the air making it a harder process for the long wave radiation to escape which traps more air therefore hearing the earth to a temperature which is not sustainable.

Question 10

Stages of he green house effect

Answer 10

Short wave radiation from the sun enters the atomosohere. Some of it gets converted to long wave radiation and the rest bounces off and can escape the atmosphere. The long wave radiation gets stuck and continuously bounces back and forth from the earth to the atmosphere, this heats the earth.

Question 11

Impacts of acid rain

Answer 11

Acidification of lakes/ ponds:
Deforestation, change in habitats

Acidification of soil:
Deforestation, increased soil erosion, death of trees, change in habitats.

Reaction with limestone and other rocks:
Erosion of buildings (marble)

Question 12

Eutrophication

Answer 12

Is when the farmers add too much fertiliser to their crop or if they add fertiliser to their crop before heavy rainfall. Can result from leached liberals from fertiliser

Question 13

Process of Eutrophication

Answer 13

Fertiliser is washed into rivers, streams and lakes.

This causes water plants/ weeds and algae to grow and form dense green mat on the surface of the water which blocks out sunlight and causes the plants that live on the bottom of the river to die.

Microorganisms/ bacteria (decomposes) use up dissolved oxygen in plants to breakdown organic matter.

The amount of dissolved oxygen descreases which increases the Biological oxygen demand

Shortage of oxygen kills fish and other aquatic animals

Question 14

Water body with no oxygen in it

Answer 14

Anoxic

Question 15

Deforestation

Answer 15

The permanent clearing of trees, transforming a forest into cleared land.

Question 16

Causes of deforestation

Answer 16

Forest fires
Cutting down trees for houses
Climate change (climate dries out tropical rainforests and increases fire damage)
Acid rain
Livestock ranching

Question 17

Effects of deforestation

Answer 17

Loss of habitat

Less trees take in co2 which means there is more in the air than needed which therefore pollute the air

Excess water: less trees are taking up water which means excess water moves to other areas and flood them.

Leaching (loss of nutrients from the soil)

Soil erosion: the soil is reliant on the roots from trees but when they are cut down the soil becomes worn away.

Question 18

What is the only thing that removes co2 from the atmosphere

Answer 18

Photosynthesis

Question 19

Plants use photosynthesis to make:

Answer 19

Fats, proteins and carbohydrates

Question 20

Plant and animals

Answer 20

Respire to put co2 back into the atmosphere

Question 21

Why is deforestation a problem for the earth?

Answer 21

-when forests are cleared, the trees are either burned or left to rot, this carbon is released quickly as carbon dioxide.

• more Co2
• less trees = no photosynthesis= less oxygen
• soil erosion
• greenhouse effect

Question 22

Why is it useful to have some greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

Answer 22

because they heat the earth in order for us to live

Question 23

what human activity produces chlorofluro carbons

Answer 23

aerosoles, fridges

Question 24

3 ways you could help to reduce the green house effect

Answer 24

turning, off lights, encourage public transport and walking/biking to stop the increasing of use of cars, put your tv on standby, turning off heaters , using renewable energy.

Question 25

how are greenhouse gases increasing the worlds temperature

Answer 25

green house gases are sent into the atmosphere and thicken the layer, making it a harder process for long wave radiation to escape which traps more air therefore heating the air more.

Question 26

name two activities that produce green house gases

Answer 26

cutting down trees- more Co2 in the air 
driving- adding pollution 
heating homes
charging devices
turning on lights

Question 27

what pollutants cause acid rain

Answer 27

sulphur dioxide

nitrogen oxide

Question 28

sulphur dioxide

Answer 28

cars

effect- acid rain

Question 29

carbon monoxie

Answer 29

when petrol and diesel are burned in veichle engines

effect- a dangerous pollutant because it is colourless, odourless, and tastless can kill you.

Reduces 02 avaliabilty

Question 30

an indicator species for pollution is…

Answer 30

lichen

Question 31

What type of organisms break down waste materials?

Answer 31

decomposers, which are micro-organisms

Question 32

what process do decomposers carry out which produces Co2?

Answer 32

respiration

Question 33

What would happen to the concentration of O2 if these microrganisms were carrying out respiration?

Answer 33

02 concentration would decrease because it is being used up by respiration.

Question 34

What do humans need carbon for in their bodies?

Answer 34

carbon is in everything, you need it for energy and strength.

Question 35

Where do we get our carbon from?

Answer 35

food, proteins, fats and sugars

life without carbon would be impossible