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Organic Chemistry > Carboxylic Acids > Flashcards

Carboxylic Acids Flashcards

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1
Q

O is ____ electronegative than C, so the carbonyl group is polar.

A

More

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2
Q

O is more electronegative than C, so the carbonyl group is _____.

A

Polar

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3
Q

Organic acids with one carboxyl group. They are sometimes called fatty acids since they are obtained from the hydrolysis of fats.

A

Monocarboxylic Acids

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4
Q

They are also the final product in the oxidation of primary alcohol.

A

Monocarboxylic Acids

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5
Q

Carboxylic acids with two carboxyl groups.

A

Dicarboxylic Acids

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6
Q

Carboxylic acids with two functional groups, the ketone and carboxyl group.

A

Keto Acids

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7
Q

Carboxylic acids with two functional groups, the ________ and ________ group.

A

Carbonyl & Hydroxyl

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8
Q

Are carboxylic acids, esters, and amides polar or nonpolar?

A

Polar

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9
Q

Only carboxylic acids and primary _____ can undergo intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

A

Amides

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10
Q

__________ _____ have higher boiling points than similar alcohols because there are more hydrogen bonding interactions possible than alcohols.

A

Carboxylic Acids

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11
Q

Carboxylic acids have ______ boiling points than similar alcohols.

A

Higher

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12
Q

Are esters capable of intermolecular hydrogen bonding?

A

No

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13
Q

Carboxylic acids have ______ boiling points than similar esters.

A

Higher

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14
Q

Is responsible for the sting of some types of ants.

A

Formic Acid (HCO2H)

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15
Q

Is the sour-tasting component of vinegar.

A

Acetic Acid (CH3CO2H)

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16
Q

It can be made by air oxidation of ethanol when wine “goes bad”.

A

Acetic Acid (CH3CO2H)

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17
Q

Has the foul odor of dirty socks and locker rooms.

A

Hexanoic Acid [(CH3(CH2)4COOH)]

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18
Q

Many low molecular weight esters have ________ odors.

A

Pleasant

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19
Q

The amide _________ is thought to induce sleep
because it’s production is increased by the body
during the evening.

A

Melatonin

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20
Q

The ester __________ is the active ingredient in topical anesthetics.

A

Benzocaine

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21
Q

The amide _____________ is a pain reliever in Tylenol.

A

Acetaminophen

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22
Q

Carboxylic acids are proton (H+) ______.

A

Donors

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23
Q

Carboxylic acids are ____ acids compared to inorganic acids.

A

Weak

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24
Q

Carboxylic acids react with _____ to form water-soluble salts.

A

Bases

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25
The carboxylic acid donates the ______ to the base, OH−, which accepts it.
Proton
26
The salts of carboxylic acids formed by acid-base reactions are water-_______ ionic solids.
Water-soluble
27
Acid-base reaction will turn a water insoluble carboxylic acid into a water _______ carboxylic acid salt.
Water-soluble
28
Soaps are salts of __________ _____ that have many C atoms in long hydrocarbon chain.
Carboxylic Acids
29
The polar head of a soap is the _____ end.
Ionic
30
Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to form ______.
Esters
30
The ________ tail is of a soap the carbon chain of nonpolar C—C and C—H bonds.
Nonpolar
31
Carboxylic acids react with _______ or an amine to form amides.
Ammonia (NH3)
31
Carboxylic acids react with ________ to form esters.
Alcohols
32
Carboxylic acids react with ammonia to form ______.
Amides
33
Formation of an ester is done by the ______ esterification.
Fisher
34
Carboxylic acids reaction with NH3 forms a _______ amide (RCONH2).
Primary Amide (RCONH2)
35
Carboxylic acids reaction with R'NH2 forms a _________ amide (RCONHR').
Secondary Amide (RCONHR')
36
Carboxylic acids reaction with R'2NH2 forms a _________ amide (RCONR'2).
Tertiary Amide (RCONR'2)
37
An ester reacts with water to form a __________ ____ and an alcohol; this is a hydrolysis reaction.
Carboxylic Acid
38
An ester reacts with water to form a carboxylic acid and an _______; this is a hydrolysis reaction.
Alcohol
39
An ester reacts with water to form a carboxylic acid and an alcohol; this is a __________ reaction.
Hydrolysis
40
An example of ester hydrolysis using an aqueous base, called ______________.
Saponification
41
Saponification forms the ___________ _____ rather than the carboxylic acid product.
Carboxylate Anion
42
An amide reacts with water to form a __________ ____ and an amine in a hydrolysis reaction.
Carboxylic Acid
43
An amide reacts with water to form a carboxylic acid and an _____ in a hydrolysis reaction.
Amine
44
An amide reacts with water to form a carboxylic acid and an amine in a __________ reaction.
Hydrolysis
45
Treatment of an amide with water in the presence of an acid catalyst (HCl) forms a __________ ____ and an amine salt.
Carboxylic Acid
46
Treatment of an amide with water in the presence of an acid catalyst (HCl) forms a carboxylic acid and an _____ ____.
Amine Salt
47
Animals store energy in the form of _______________.
Triacylglycerols
48
Using enzymes called _______, the three ester bonds are hydrolyzed when the triacylglycerol is metabolized.
Lipases
49
The most common polyester is ____________ _____________ (PET) used for materials Dacron and Mylar and in making plastic soft drink bottles.
Polyethylene Terephthalate
50
Is a condensation polymer, formed when two monomers come together, releasing water.
Nylon
51
__________ interferes with the enzyme that synthesizes bacterial cell walls, killing the bacterium.
Penicillin
52
Pain relievers work because they block the synthesis of ______________, compounds responsible for pain responses in the body.
Prostaglandins
53
According to __ ___________ principle, the Fisher Esterification is driven to the right by using excess alcohol and removing the water as it is formed.
Le Châtelier’s
54
Diets high in fat lead to obesity, so the “fake fat" _______ (Olean) was invented to replace some triacylglycerols in snack foods.
Olestra
55
They are lipids, water insoluble organic compounds, present in fats and oils.
Triacylglycerol
56
Nylon is a condensation polymer, formed when two monomers come together, releasing _____.
Water
57
It is toxic and found in rhubarb leaves.
Ethanedioic Acid (Oxalic Acid)
58
The carboxyl group is made up of these two groups.
Carbonyl and Hydroxyl groups
59
3-Methyl Butyl Ethanoate produces the smell of?
Banana
60
Octyl Ethanoate produces the smell of?
Orange
61
Pentyl Ethanoate produces the smell of?
Pear
62
Animal fats, vegetables, and oils are _______ of long chain fatty acids and glycerol.
Esters

Organic Chemistry (9 decks)

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