Carboxylic acids and Acyl chlorides Module 6

Question 1

What’s the functional group of a carboxylic acid and how do you name them?

Answer 1

COOH (at the end of the molecule), have “oic acid” at the end

Question 2

What type of acid are carboxylic acids and what does this mean?

Answer 2

They are weak acids, so dissociate into C double bonded to O, and single bonded to a negative O, and a H+ ion

Question 3

Why are carboxylic acids very soluble in water?

Answer 3

They can hydrogen bond with the water

Question 4

What’s produced when you react a carboxylic acid with a reactive metal?

Answer 4

Salt and hydrogen

H from OH reacts

Salt will have stem of metal, then oate, eg sodium ethanoate

Question 5

What’s produced when you react a carboxylic acid with carbonates?

Answer 5

Salt, carbon dioxide and water
H from OH reacts
Salt has stem from metal, then oate, eg. sodium ethanoate

Question 6

What’s produced when you react a carboxylic acid with bases?

Answer 6

Salt + water

Question 7

What is an acyl chloride, and how do you name them?

Answer 7

Same as carboxylic acid, except replace the OH group with a Cl, name them by putting at the end “oyl chloride”

Question 8

How do you make an acyl chloride?

Answer 8

React a carboxylic acid with SOCl2, to produce an acyl chloride, SO2 and HCl

Question 9

What happens when acyl chlorides react with cold water?

Answer 9

Produce a carboxylic acid and HCl

Question 10

What happens when acyl chlorides react with alcohols?

Answer 10

Produce an ester and HCl

Question 11

What happens when acyl chlorides react with Ammonia?

Answer 11

Primary amide and HCl

Question 12

What happens when acyl chlorides react with amines?

Answer 12

Secondary amide and HCl

Question 13

What type of reaction are all the reaction with acyl chloride?

Answer 13

Nucleophillic addition-elimination

All reactions are with the chlorine

Question 14

What happens when acyl chlorides react with phenol?

Answer 14

An ester and HCl

Reversible reaction