Organic Chemistry the basics Module 4

Question 1

What’s the general formula?

Answer 1

Algerbraic formula for any member of the compound

Question 2

Empirical formula?

Answer 2

Simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element, in a compound

Question 3

Molecular formula?

Answer 3

The actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 4

Structural formula?

Answer 4

Shows the arrangement of atoms carbon by carbon

Question 5

Homologous series?

Answer 5

Organic compounds which have the same functional group and general formula
Each member differs by CH2

Question 6

What’s an aromatic compound?

Answer 6

Contain a Benzene ring

Question 7

What’s an aliphatic compound?

Answer 7

Contains Carbon and Hydrogen bonded together in straight lines, branched chains, or non aromatic rings

Question 8

What can you call an alpiphatic chain with a non aromatic ring?

Answer 8

Alicyclic

Question 9

What does saturated mean?

Answer 9

Only has C-C single bonds

Question 10

What does unsaturated mean?

Answer 10

Can have C-C single double and triple bonds

Question 11

How to name an organic compound?

Answer 11

Count the amount of Carbons in longest continuous chain, this gives you the stem
Find the prefix or suffix due to it’s main functional group(s)
Number longest C chain so main functional group is the lowest number
If there’s more than 1 number functional group or side chain add di-2, tri-3, tetra-4

Question 12

What’s an isomer?

Answer 12

When 2 molecules have the same molecular formula, but the atoms are arranged differently

Question 13

What are the 2 types of isomers?

Answer 13

Structural isomers and stereoisomers

Question 14

What are the 3 types of structural isomers?

Answer 14

Chain
Positional
Functional group

Question 15

What’s a chain isomer?

Answer 15

Carbon skeleton can be arranged differently, straight or branched

Question 16

What’s a positional isomer?

Answer 16

Carbon skeleton and functional group the same, except functional group bonded at a different carbon

Question 17

What’s a functional group isomer?

Answer 17

The same atoms can be arranged into different functional groups