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Pathology > Carcinogen > Flashcards

Carcinogen Flashcards

(15 cards)

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1
Q

What are Carcinogens

A

Cancer causing agents

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2
Q

Mutagens

A

Carcinogens Induce mutations so they are called mutagens

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3
Q

Mutagenicity can cause

A

Genetic defects

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4
Q

RNA viruses that are microbial carcinogens

A

Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
Hepatisis C virus

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5
Q

HTLV1 causes

A

Adult T-cell leukemia/ lymphomas
ATLL

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6
Q

hepatisis C virus causes

A

Hepatocellular cancer

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7
Q

What are examples of DNA virus carcinogens

A

EBV (epstein barr virus)
Hepatisis B virus
HHV8 (human herpes virus 8)
HPV (human papilloma virus)

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8
Q

EBV causes

A

Burkitt lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
B cell lymphoma

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9
Q

Hepatisis B causes

A

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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10
Q

HHV8 human herpes virus 8 causes

A

Kaposi sarcoma

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11
Q

HPV human papilloma virus causes

A

Cervical cancer
Oropharyngeal cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma of vulva, vagina, anus, larynx, oropharynx

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12
Q

HPV mechanism

A

Synthesis & upregulation of viral oncogenes— E6 & E7.

E6– (type16. 50%) inhibits p53 gene.
E7– (type 17. 10%) inhibits Rb suppressor genes.

Leads to host cell immortalisation & malignant transformation.

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13
Q

Microbial carcinogens

A

Bacterial— Helicobacter Pylori
Parasitic— schistosoma hematobium

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14
Q

H.pylori causes

A

Gastric adenocarcinoma
MALT lymphoma of stomach(monoclonal b-cell tumour)

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15
Q

Schistosoma hematobium causes

A

Bladder cancer

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Pathology (5 decks)

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