Carcinomas

Question 1

where does SCC most commonly appear

Answer 1

head neck and forearms…sun exposed sites

Question 2

what cell does SCC arise from?

Answer 2

keratinocyte

Question 3

what is a common mutation in SCC?

Answer 3

p53

Question 4

what is a chemical exposure that leads to risk for SCC?

Answer 4

arsenic

Question 5

is SCC exo or endophytic?

Answer 5

exophytic

Question 6

is SCC thick/firm or soft?

Answer 6

firm

Question 7

what do SCCs commonly do when irritated?

Answer 7

bleed…called being friable

Question 8

what color is SCC?

Answer 8

pink/red or skin colored

Question 9

what is SCC in situ?

Answer 9

when SCC is only in the epidermis

Question 10

when does SCC in situ become invasive SCC?

Answer 10

when it gets into the dermis

Question 11

name four locations that are worse to get SCC

Answer 11

scalp ears nose and lips

Question 12

describe the appearance of actinic keratosis

Answer 12

rough scaly think redish pink plaques

Question 13

what are actinic keratoses?

Answer 13

premalignant plaques that can lead to SCC

Question 14

/what mutation is common in actinic keratosis

Answer 14

p53

Question 15

what gives high risk for actinic keratosis?

Answer 15

lots of sun exposure…UV induced mutation

Question 16

name four signs of sun damaged skin

Answer 16

atrophy and hypertrophy
telangiectasias
wrinkles
prematurely age skin
depig and hyperpigmentation

Question 17

what is actinic purpura?

Answer 17

easy bruising from extravasated erythrocytes and increased perivascular inflammation

Question 18

what is actinic cheilosis?

Answer 18

actinic keratosis on the lips

Question 19

how do actinic cheilosis present?

Answer 19

constant dried or ulcerated lips (chapped)

a rough gritty scale on the lips

Question 20

what is localized therapy for actinic keratosis?

Answer 20

liquid nitrogen

Question 21

what is field therapy for actinic keratosis? what does field therapy mean?

Answer 21

field therapy is treating multiple lesions in one area…can use topical 5 fluorouracil or imiquimod creams

Question 22

what is the most common skin cancer?

Answer 22

BCC

Question 23

what is mutation in BCC?

Answer 23

PTCH (tumor suppressor gene)

Question 24

what is the most common type of BCC?

Answer 24

nodular BCC

Question 25

how does nodular BCC look?

Answer 25

pearly papule or nodule with telangiectasias

Question 26

name the five types of BCC

Answer 26

``` nodular pigmented superficial ulcerated morpheaform ```

Question 27

what appearance does morpheaform BCC have?

Answer 27

looks like a scar

Question 28

what does a superficial BCC look like?

Answer 28

patch or thin plaque with pink color with telangiectasias

Question 29

what are surgical treatment options for BCC?

Answer 29

curette and desiccation cryosurgery excision Mohs

Question 30

what are non surgical treatments for BCC?

Answer 30

imiquimod cream | 5 fluorouracil

Question 31

what is Mohs surgery?

Answer 31

horizontal slicing down of skin with progressive histo eval to determine where and how far down to keep slicing

Question 32

which of SCC or BCC is more commonly metastatic?

Answer 32

SCC has low risk...BCC almost no risk