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NMETC > Cardiac Pharmacology > Flashcards

Cardiac Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

ADENOSINE Brand Name

A

Adenocard

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2
Q

ADENOSINE Class

A

Endogenous Nucleotide

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3
Q

ADENOSINE MOA (2)

A

Slows conduction through AV node

Slows HR

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4
Q

ADENOSINE Indication (1)

A

PSVT

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5
Q

ADENOSINE Contraindications (4)

A

2nd/3rd Degree AV Block
Atrial Fib/Flutter
V Tach
Allergy

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6
Q

ADENOSINE Adult Dose Initial

A

6mg rapid IVP with 20cc NS

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7
Q

ADENOSINE Adult Dose Repeat

A

after 1-2mins 12mg rapid IVP with 20cc NS

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8
Q

ADENOSINE Special Considerations (2)

A

Pregnancy C

Short Half Life

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9
Q

ADENOSINE Max Single Dose

A

18mg school

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10
Q

AMIODARONE Brand Name

A

Cordarone

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11
Q

AMIODARONE Class

A

Class III

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12
Q

AMIODARONE MOA (3)

A

Prolongs the action potential
Non competitive alpha/beta sympathetic blocker
Calcium channel blocking effects

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13
Q

AMIODARONE Indications (2)

A

Suppression of VF and Pulseless VTach refractory to defibrillation

Suppression of VTach with Pulse

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14
Q

AMIODARONE Contraindications (3)

A

Allergy to Iodine
Medication caused Ventricular dysrhythmias
TdP

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15
Q

AMIODARONE Adult Dose- VF/Pulseless VTach 1st

A

300mg

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16
Q

AMIODARONE Adult Dose- VF/Pulseless VTach 2nd

A

150mg

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17
Q

AMIODARONE Adult Dose- VTach with Pulse

A

150mg in 100mL NS over 10mins

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18
Q

AMIODARONE Special considerations (2)

A

Pregnancy C

Caution in elderly with heart failure or poor systolic fxn

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19
Q

ASA Class

A

Platelet Inhibitor

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20
Q

ASA MOA (1)

A

Prostaglandin inhibition

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21
Q

ASA Indication (1)

A

Chest px due to ACS

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22
Q

ASA Contraindications (3)

A

Allergy
GI Bleeding
Recent CVA

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23
Q

ASA Adult Dose

A

324mg PO

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24
Q

ATROPINE SULFATE Class

A

Anticholinergic

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25
Q

ATROPINE SULFATE MOA (3)

A

Increases conduction through AV node
Increases HR
Inhibits acetylcholine action

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26
Q

ATROPINE SULFATE Indications (3)

A

Unstable bradycardia
Organophosphate poisoning
Pallitive care

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27
Q

ATROPINE SULFATE Adult Dose

A

0.5-1mg q 3-5mins

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28
Q

ATROPINE SULFATE Max dose

A

3mg

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29
Q

ATROPINE SULFATE Special Considerations (2)

A

Pregnancy C

Moderate doses can dilate pupils

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30
Q

CALCIUM Class

A

Electrolyte

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31
Q

CALCIUM MOA (3)

A

Increases contractility
Enhance ventricular automaticity
Stabilizes cell membrane!

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32
Q

CALCIUM Indications (4)

A

HyperK
MgSO4 OD
Ca Channel Blocker toxicity
Crush syndrome

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33
Q

CALCIUM Contrainidcations (3)

A

Hypercalcemia
VF during cardiac arrest
Digitalis toxicity

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34
Q

CALCIUM Adult dose

A

500-1000mg of 10% soln slow IVP over 5mins q 10mins

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35
Q

CALCIUM Max dose

A

1gm

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36
Q

CALCIUM Drug interactions (2)

A

Do not mix with Bicarb in running IV- flush prior

May worsen digitalis dysrhythmias

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37
Q

DILTIAZEM Brand Name

A

Cardizem

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38
Q

DILTIAZEM Class

A

Ca Channel blocker

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39
Q

DILTIAZEM MOA (4)

A

Stops influx of Ca into muscle
Vasodilator
Reduces preload/afterload
Reduces oxygen demand for heart

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40
Q

DILTIAZEM Indication (2)

A

Atrial flutter

Atrial fibrillation

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41
Q

DILTIAZEM Contraindications (4)

A

Wide complex tachycardia
Sick Sinus Syndrome
Cardiogenic Shock
Metoprolol use

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42
Q

DILTIAZEM Adult Dose- Initial

A

0.25mg/kg over 2 mins q 15mins

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43
Q

DILTIAZEM Adult Dose- Repeat

A

0.35mg/kg over 2 mins

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44
Q

DILTIAZEM Considerations (2)

A

Pregnancy C

Caution in pt’s with renal/hepatic dysfunction

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45
Q

DOPAMINE Brand Name

A

Inotropin

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46
Q

DOPAMINE Class

A

Sympathomimetic

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47
Q

DOPAMINE MOA- (2) Dose dependent

A

Increases renal blood flow, cardiac output, heart rate, and cardiac contractility 5-10mcg

Increase blood pressure and stimulate vasoconstriction 10-20mcg

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48
Q

DOPAMINE Indications (2)

A

Cardiogenic/Septic/Neuro/Distributive Shock

Hypotension

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49
Q

DOPAMINE Contraindications (3)

A

Hypovolemic shock
Tachydysrhythmias
VFib

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50
Q

DOPAMINE Adult Dose Dopaminergic

A

2-4mcg/kg/min dilates renal blood vessels

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51
Q

DOPAMINE Adult Dose Beta Adrenergic

A

4-10mcg/kg/min increases chronotropy/inotropy

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52
Q

DOPAMINE Adult Dose Adrenergic

A

10-20mcg/kg/min vasoconstriction

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53
Q

DOPAMINE Adult Dose Override Alpha Effects

A

> 20mcg/kg/min

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54
Q

EPINEPHRINE Class

A

Sympathomimetic

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55
Q

EPINEPHRINE MOA

A 
Alpha and Beta agonist-
increases HR
dilates bronchi
increases contractility
blocks histamine release
vasoconstriction
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56
Q

EPINEPHRINE Indications (3)

A

Cardiac arrest- asystole, PEA, VF unresponsive to defib
Severe bronchospasm or asthma
Anaphylaxis

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57
Q

EPINEPHRINE Contraindications (4)

A

HTN
Hypothermia
Pulmonary edema
Hypovolemic shock

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58
Q

EPINEPHRINE Adult Dose Allergic Rxn/Asthma IM

A

0.3-0.5mg (1:1000) IM

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59
Q

EPINEPHRINE Adult Dose Anaphylaxis IV

A

0.3-0.5mg (1:10,000) IV

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60
Q

EPINEPHRINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest

A

1mg IVP (1:10,000) q 3-5mins

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61
Q

H’s (6)

A 
Hypoxia
Hyper/Hypothermia
HyperK/HypoK
Hydrogen Ions
Hypovolemia
Hypo/Hyperglycemia
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62
Q

T’s (6)

A 
Toxins
Tablets
Tamponade
Thrombus- pulmonary/coronary
Trauma
Tension Pneumo
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63
Q

FENTANYL Brand Name

A

Sublimaze

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64
Q

FENTANYL Class

A

Narcotic analgesic

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65
Q

FENTANYL MOA

A

Binds to opoid receptors to block px

66
Q

FENTANYL Indications (2)

A

Px

RSI premedication

67
Q

FENTANYL Contraindication (1)

A

Allergy

68
Q

FENTANYL Adult Dose

A

1mcg/kg slow IVP

69
Q

FENTANYL Max Dose

A

150mcg

70
Q

LIDOCAINE Class

A

Antidysrhythmia

71
Q

LIDOCAINE MOA

A

Slows rate of automaticity

72
Q

LIDOCAINE Indications (2)

A

Suppression of VTach, VFib, PVCs

Stop recurrence after conversion from VTach, VFib

73
Q

LIDOCAINE Contraindications (1)

A

2nd/3rd Degree AV Block with no pacemaker

74
Q

LIDOCAINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest VTach/VFib- Initial

A

1-1.5mg/kg IVP

75
Q

LIDOCAINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest VTach/VFib- Repeat

A

0.75mg/kg

76
Q

LIDOCAINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest VTach/VFib- Max Dose

A

3mg/kg

77
Q

LIDOCAINE Adult Dose Cardiac Arrest VTach/VFib- Maintenance Infusion after Conversion

A

2-4mg/min

78
Q

LIDOCAINE Adult Dose VTach with Pulse- Initial

A

1-1.5mg/kg IVP

79
Q

LIDOCAINE Adult Dose VTach with Pulse- Repeat

A

0.5-0.75mg/kg q 3-5mins

80
Q

LIDOCAINE Adult Dose VTach with Pulse- Max dose

A

3mg

81
Q

LIDOCAINE Adult Dose VTach with Pulse- Maintenance Infusion

A

2-4mg/min

82
Q

LIDOCAINE Special Considerations (2)

A

Pregnancy B

Reduce maintenance infusions by 1/2 if pt is over 70yo, liver disease, CHF, or shock

83
Q

MAGNESIUM Class

A

Electrolyte

84
Q

MAGNESIUM MOA (2)

A

Reduces muscle contractions

  • seizures in pregnancy
  • uterine relaxation

Bronchodilation

85
Q

MAGNESIUM Indications (7)

A 
Asthma/Bronchospasm
Eclampsia seizures
TdP
Hypomagnesia
TCA OD
Digitalis dysrhythmia
Refractory VFib/VTach after Amio administration
86
Q

MAGNESIUM Contraindication (2)

A

AV Block

Renal disease

87
Q

MAGNESIUM Adult Dose- Eclampsia

A

1-4gm over 10mins

88
Q

MAGNESIUM Adult Dose- TdP or Refractory VF/VT

A

1-2gm over 1-2mins

89
Q

Magnesium Adult Dose- Bronchospasm

A

2-4gm in 100mL NS over 5mins

90
Q

MAGNESIUM Special Consideration (2)

A

Do not give 2 hours before delivery if possible

Calcium is antagonist

91
Q

METOPROLOL Brand Name

A

Lopressor

92
Q

METOPROLOL Class

A

Beta Blocker

93
Q

METOPROLOL MOA

A

Blocks Beta 1 receptors

94
Q

METOPROLOL Indications (2)

A

Atrial Flutter

Atrial Fibrillation

95
Q

METOPROLOL Contraindications (6)

A 
Allergy
Sinus brady
2nd/3rd AV block 
Pregnancy
Cardiogenic shock
Uncompensated cardiac failure
96
Q

METOPROLOL Adult Dose

A

5mg IVP over 2 minutes q 5mins

97
Q

METOPROLOL Max dose

A

15mg

98
Q

METOPROLOL Special consideration (1)

A

may be additive with drugs that slow AV conduction (ie Digoxin)

99
Q

MORPHINE SULFATE Class

A

Opoid analgesic

100
Q

MORPHINE SULFATE MOA (5)

A 
Stops px
Alleviates fear and anxiety
Depresses respiratory drive
Decreases pre/afterload 
Decreases oxygen demand
101
Q

MORPHINE SULFATE Indications (3)

A

Px relief
Severe CHF/Pulmonary Edema
Chest px from MI

102
Q

MORPHINE SULFATE Contraindications (7)

A 
Head injury
exacerbated COPD
Depressed resp drive
Abdominal px
Hypotension
ALOC
Suspected hypovolemia
103
Q

MORPHINE SULFATE Adult Dose

A

0.1mg/kg

104
Q

MORPHINE SULFATE Max Dose

A

10mg

105
Q

MORPHINE SULFATE Special Considerations (3)

A

Pregnancy C
Caution with elderly, COPD, asthma
Narcan should be available as antidote

106
Q

NITROGLYCERIN Class

A

Vasodilator

107
Q

NITROGLYCERIN MOA (2)

A

Smooth muscle relaxant

  • uterine
  • bronchial
  • intestinal
  • vascular

Vasodilation

  • reduces pre/afterload
  • reduces oxygen demand
108
Q

NITROGLYCERIN Indications (3)

A

Acute angina
Ischemic chest px
CHF/Pulmonary edema

109
Q

NITROGLYCERIN Contraindications (3)

A

Hypotension
Hypovolemia
Head injury/Intracranial bleeding

110
Q

NITROGLYCERIN Adult Dose Tablets

A

0.4mg q 3-5mins

max 3 doses

111
Q

NITROGLYCERIN Adult dose Spray

A

0.4mg SL q 3-5mins

112
Q

NITROGLYCERIN Special Consideration (3)

A

Pregnancy C
Hypotension common in elderly
ED within last 48 hours

113
Q

NITROPASTE dose

A

1” square cover with plastic and secure with tape

114
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE Brand Name

A

Levophed

115
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE Class

A

Vasopressor

116
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE MOA (2)

A

potent vasoconstrictor/alpha agonist

increases chronotropy/inotropy/CO

117
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE Indications (3)

A

Shock unresponsive to fluid resuscitation
Significant hypotension (<70 systolic)
Best vasopressor for septic shock

118
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE Adult dose

A

0.1-0.5mcg/kg/min titrated to BP of 90 systolic

119
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE Special considerations (4)

A

Pregnancy C

Avoid extravasation/necrosis

Drug/Poison induced hypotension may require higher doses

Can be deactivated by alkaline solutions

120
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE Contraindication (1)

A

Hypotension due to hypovolemia or pregnancy

121
Q

PROCAINAMIDE Brand Name

A

Pronestyl

122
Q

PROCAINAMIDE Class

A

Class Ia Sodium Channel blocker

123
Q

PROCAINAMIDE Indications (2)

A

Suppression of PVC’s, VTach with Pulse refractory to lidocaine

PSVT with wide complex

124
Q

PROCAINAMIDE MOA (3)

A

Suppresses phase 4 depolarization in ventricles

Reduces automaticity of ectopic pacemakers

Suppresses reentry dysrhythmias by slowing AV conduction

125
Q

PROCAINAMIDE Contraindications (5)

A 
2nd/3rd AV Block 
TdP
Lupus
Digitalis toxicity
Myasthenia gravis
126
Q

PROCAINAMIDE Adult dose

A

20-30mg/min

127
Q

PROCAINAMIDE Max dose

A

17mg/kg

128
Q

PROCAINAMIDE Maintenance Infusion Adult

A

1-4mg/min

129
Q

SODIUM BICARBONATE Class

A

Buffer/Alkalinizer

130
Q

SODIUM BICARBONATE MOA

A

Reacts with H+ to form H2O and CO2–> alkalinizes pH

131
Q

SODIUM BICARBONATE Indications (5)

A 
HyperK
TCA OD
Phenobarbital OD
Known responsive to bicarbonate acidosis
ROSC
132
Q

SODIUM BICARBONATE Contraindications (4)

A

Alkalosis
Hypocalcemia
HypoK
Hypocloremia secondary to GI loss/vomit

133
Q

SODIUM BICARBONATE Adult Dose- Initial

A

1mEq/kg IV

134
Q

SODIUM BICARBONATE Adult Dose- Repeat

A

0.5 mEq/kg IV q 10mins

135
Q

SODIUM BICARBONATE Special consideration (4)

A

Pregnancy C
Must ventilate pt after admin via Et Tube
May worsen CHF
Vasopressors may be deactivated

136
Q

TRANEXAMIC ACID Brand Name

A

TXA

Cyklokapron

137
Q

TRANEXAMIC ACID Class (3)

A

Hemostatic agent
Antifibrinolytic
Plasminogen inactivator

138
Q

TRANEXAMIC ACID MOA

A

Reduces plasminogen activation (clotting)

139
Q

TRANEXAMIC ACID Indication (1)

A

Blunt or penetrating trauma under 3 hours from MOI with hemodynamic compromise/bleeding

140
Q

TRANEXAMIC ACID Contraindications (4)

A

Allergy
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Hx of PE or DVT
Injury longer than 3 hours

141
Q

TRANEXAMIC ACID Adult dose

A

1000mg in 100mL NS over 10mins

142
Q

TRANEXAMIC ACID Special considerations (3)

A

Pregnancy C
Must be mixed in infusion bag
Interacts with hormonal contraceptives

143
Q

FUROSEMIDE Brand Name

A

Lasix

144
Q

FUROSEMIDE Class

A

Loop diuretic

145
Q

FUROSEMIDE MOA

A

inhibits electrolyte reabsorption and promotes excretion of Na, K, and Cl

146
Q

FUROSEMIDE Indications (2)

A

CHF

Pulmonary Edema

147
Q

FUROSEMIDE Contras (5)

A 
Hypovolemia
Anuria
Hypotension
Allergy
Hepatic coma
148
Q

FUROSEMIDE Drug Interactions ( 2)

A

Lithium toxicity may cause Na loss

Digitalis toxicity may cause K loss

149
Q

FUROSEMIDE Adult Dose

A

40-80mg slow IVP

  • -> can be dosed at 0.5-1mg/kg
  • ->or double Pt’s daily dose up to 100mg
150
Q

FUROSEMIDE Considerations (2)

A

Pregnancy C

Ototoxicity and deafness may occur

151
Q

HEPARIN SODIUM Class

A

Anticoagulant

152
Q

HEPARIN SODIUM MOA (2)

A

Prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and affect clotting factors

Does not lyse existing clots

153
Q

HEPARIN SODIUM Indications (2)

A

Prophylaxis/Tx of clots, PE, coronary occlusion

Patency of IV injection devices/indwelling catheters

154
Q

HEPARIN SODIUM Contras (2)

A

Allergy

Pt on other antiplatelet

155
Q

HEPARIN SODIUM Interactions

A

Salicylates
Abx
Quindine

156
Q

HEPARIN SODIUM Adult Loading Dose

A

60units/kg IV bolus to max 4000 units

if >100kg max 5000 units

157
Q

HEPARIN SODIUM Adult Maintenance Infusion

A

12units/kg/hr IV drip to max 1000units per hour

158
Q

EPI Infusion/Bradycardia

A

2-10mcg/min

159
Q

EPI Infusion Post Arrest

A

0.1-0.5mcg/kg/min

160
Q

EPI Infusion Severe Anaphylaxis

A

1-4mcg/min

NMETC (11 decks)

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