Cardiac System Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the Endocardium?
A friction free layer of the heart that is made up of squashed epithelial, allowing blood to easily flow through it.
What is the Myocardium?
A Thick Layer of the Heart that contracts to force the Left Ventricle into Pumping more blood.
What is the Pericardium?
A layer of the heart that has a gap between it and the Myocardium that acts as a shock absorber.
What is the Epicardium?
The Shock Absorbing gap between the Myocardium and the Pericardium.
What are the Stages of the Cardiac Cycle in order?
Atrial Diastole, Ventricular Diastole, Atrial Systole, Ventricular Systole.
What is Systole?
Where the heart contracts and pumps blood out to the arteries.
What is Diastole?
Where the heart relaxes to allow more blood into the chambers.
What does Myogenic mean?
It creates its own impulse by itself.
What is the Sino-Atrial Node?
The ‘cardiac pacemaker’ that emits the impulses that cause contraction
What is the Atrioventricular Node?
The receptor of the electrical impulses sent by the Sino-Atrial Node.
What is the Bundle of HIS?
Where the electrical impulses are processed and it is decided how quickly they go to whichever side of the heart.
What are Purkinjie Fibers?
The fibres that stimulate to push blood out of the heart.
What are Bundle Branches?
The things that transport different information to different sides of the heart.
Where is the Cardiac Control Centre located?
In the Medulla of the Brain
What does the Sympathetic Cardiac Accelerator Nerve do?
Speeds up the Sino-Atrial Node
What does the Parasympathetic Vagus Nerve do?
Slows down the Sino-Atrial node.
What is the Equation for Cardiac Output?
Heart Rate (HR) x Stroke Volume (SV) =Cardiac Output (Q)
What is Venous Return?
When blood returns to the heart.
What is a P Wave?
The depolarisation f the Atria (Atrial Systole)
What is a PR Interval?
The Electrical Transmission through the Bundle of HIS to Purkinjie Fibres.
What is a QRS Complex?
The Depolarisation of the Ventricles, Repolarisation of the Atria (Ventricular Systole, Atrial Diastole)
What is a T Wave?
Repolarisation of the ventricles (Ventricular Diastole)
What is Depolarisation?
Electrical Stimulation that makes an impulse spread (Systole)
What is Repolarisation?
Electrical Recovery that returns the cell membrane to its stable state (Diastole)
