Cardiac Tissue

Question 1

How is cardiac muscle nucleated

Answer 1

single mono nucleated cells

Question 2

How is the nuclei of cardiac cells positioned

Answer 2

Centrally

Question 3

Does cardiac tissue have a sarcomeric arrangement

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Cardiac muscle tissue cells communicate via

Answer 4

Gap Junctions

Question 5

What are the gap junctions in cardiac muscle cells

Answer 5

intercalated discs

Question 6

Are cardiac muscle tissues directly innervated

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Are the T-Tubules as extensive as those in skeletal muscle

Answer 7

No

Question 8

Each T-tubule in cardiac muscles interacts with

Answer 8

one cisterna (rather than two as in skeletal muscle)

Question 9

Cardiac muscle tissues T-Tubules form a

Answer 9

Diad

Question 10

Where are the diads of cardiac muscles located

Answer 10

at the level of the Z-lines

Question 11

What is the composition of Intercalated disks

Answer 11

Macula adherentes (desmosomes)
Fascia adherentes
Gap junction

Question 12

What link intermediate filaments (desmin) of adjoining cardiac muscle cells

Answer 12

Macula adherentes (desmosomes)

Question 13

The macula adherentes (desmosomes) are part of _______ component of intercalated disk

Answer 13

Transverse

Question 14

Fascia adherentes anchor _____ filaments of sarcomeres in intercalated disks

Answer 14

actin

Question 15

Fascia adherentes are part of _____ component of intercalated disks

Answer 15

Transverse

Question 16

The gap junctions are part of the ______ component in intercalated disks

Answer 16

Longitudinal

Question 17

Atrial Natriuretic Peptides (ANP) is secreted by

Answer 17

cardiac cells in the atria

Question 18

Atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) regulate what

Answer 18

fluid electrolyte balance

Question 19

Atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) relax what

Answer 19

vascular smooth muscle

Question 20

The main function of Atrial Natriuretic Peptides (ANP)

Answer 20

reduces blood volume and BP

Question 21

Where is Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) stored and as what

Answer 21

In secretory vesicles stored as prohormone

Question 22

When is atrial natriuretic peptide released

Answer 22

release is stimulated by atrial stretch

- results in cleavage of prohormone

Question 23

What are synonyms of smooth muscle tissue

Answer 23

Involuntary

Visceral

Question 24

Smooth muscle tissue is what nucleation

Answer 24

mononucleated

Question 25

Where is the nucleus of smooth muscle tissue located

Answer 25

Central nuclei

Question 26

Does smooth muscle tissue have a sarcomeric arrangement

Answer 26

No

Question 27

Smooth muscle tissue is innervated via what

Answer 27

ANS or Enteric system

Question 28

Does smooth muscle tissue respond "all or nothing"

Answer 28

No

Question 29

How are smooth muscle tissues connected

Answer 29

via gap junctions

Question 30

In smooth muscle cells ___ and ____ bundles are incorporated into a meshwork arrangement

Answer 30

actin and myosin

Question 31

Where are the actin and myosin bundles incorporated in smooth muscle cells

Answer 31

Found throughout cytoplasm except in nuclear area

Question 32

Do smooth muscle cells have dense bodies

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

What anchor actin filaments to each other and to cell membrane of smooth muscle cells

Answer 33

Dense bodies

Question 34

Dense bodies of smooth muscle cells contain what

Answer 34

Alpha-actinin

Question 35

Dense bodies are interconnected by what

Answer 35

a specific type of desmin

Question 36

What communicate force of contraction to cytoskeleton and cell membrane of smooth muscle cells

Answer 36

Dense Bodies

Question 37

Where are dense bodies of smooth muscle cells found

Answer 37

in cytoplasm and in the cell membrane

Question 38

Do smooth muscle cells have a T-Tubule system or extensive SR

Answer 38

No

Question 39

Where do smooth muscle cells get calcium

Answer 39

They are dependent on extracellular calcium concentration

Question 40

What may transport calcium ions from extracellular fluids to sarcoplasmic reticulum of smooth muscle cells

Answer 40

Pinocytotic Vesicles

Question 41

Lipid rafts are composed of what

Answer 41

cholesterol and sphingolipids

Question 42

Caveolin binds to what ______ in lipid rafts and initiates the formation of what

Answer 42

Cholesterol, Caveolae

Question 43

What are Caveolae

Answer 43

permanet depressions of the cell membrane that are involved in fluid and electrolyte transport

Question 44

Vesicles that are formed detach and participate in what

Answer 44

vesicular trafficking

Question 45

Innervation fo smooth muscles may either ____ or _____ contraction of the muscle cells

Answer 45

facilitate, inhibit

Question 46

Adrenergic and muscarinic receptors are linked to what

Answer 46

G-proteins

Question 47

Nicotininc cholinergic receptors

Answer 47

cation channel

Question 48

Smooth muscle sheets of most major organs are what

Answer 48

poorly innervated

Question 49

Excitation in smooth muscles is spread through numerous what

Answer 49

gap junctions