Cardiac values and respiratory values and definitions Flashcards
Define cardiac output
The volume of blood pumped out of the heart PER MINUTE.
Define stroke volume
The volume of blood pumped out of the heart PER BEAT.
Define heart rate
Beats per minute
What is the formula for cardiac output (Q)?
This is also known as the relationship between cardiac output and 2 other values.
Cardiac output = Stroke volume x Heart rate
Q = SV x HR
Define tidal volume
The volume of air inspired or expired per breath.
approximately 500 ml at rest. (Both trained and untrained)
Define breathing rate
The number of inspirations or expirations per minute.
Approximately 12-15 breaths/min at rest (untrained)
Approximately 11-12 breaths/min at rest (trained)
Define minute ventilation
The volume of air inspired or expired per minute.
Minute ventilation = Tidal volume x breathing rate
VE = TV x f
approximately 6-7.5 L/min at rest (untrained)
approximately 5.5-6 L/min at rest (trained)
Cardiac output approximate value at rest
5 L/min
Does not change with fitness levels when at rest.
How does training effect stroke volume at rest?
SV will increase due to cardiac hypertrophy (Heart bigger and stronger)
How does training effect resting heart rate?
Causes it to decrease
What is venous return?
The return of blood to the heart
What happens to heart rate during exercise?
Increases
What happens to Stroke volume during exercise?
Increases
What happens to Cardiac output during exercise?
Increases
What is starlings law?
The greater the venous return the greater the stroke volume
