Cardio

Question 1

Which direction does cyanotic move?

Answer 1

R to L

Question 2

What direction does non-cyanotic move?

Answer 2

L to R

Question 3

abnormal opening in the septum btw the right and left atrium

Answer 3

atrial septal defect

Question 4

MC type of ASD?

Answer 4

osmium secundum

Question 5

systolic ejection murmur, cresendo-decresendo best heard at the pulmonic area with a wide split

Answer 5

ASD

Question 6

defect in the inter ventricular septum that leads to shunting of blood from the left to right side

Answer 6

VSD

Question 7

MC congenital heard disease in children

Answer 7

VSD

Question 8

high pitched holosystolic murmur@ the left lower sternal border

Answer 8

VSD

Question 9

What is the mnemonic for VSD?

Answer 9

very sharp dagger CHOPS ( common, holocystolic/ high pitched, observation, per membranous, surgery)

Question 10

What is the most common type of VSD?

Answer 10

perimembranous

Question 11

What are the three risk factors for tetralogy of fallout?

Answer 11

1. Down syndrome 2. Di George syndrome 3. Alagille syndrome

Question 12

what is the most common signs and symptoms?

Answer 12

cyanosis, tachypnea, tet spell

Question 13

harsh systolic murmur ejection murmur @ the left sternal border

Answer 13

tetralogy of fallout

Question 14

What does a chest x-ray show for tetrology of fallout?

Answer 14

boot shaped heart

Question 15

What is the treatment for tetrology of fallout?

Answer 15

surgery and prostaglandin to maintain PDA

Question 16

What is mnemonic for tetrology of fallout?

Answer 16

CRAVE oxygen (cyanosis/common, RV hypertrophy/RV outflow, Aprostglandin, VSD, Echo)

Question 17

narrowing of the descending aorta typically located at the insertion point of the ductus

Answer 17

coarctation of the aorta

Question 18

What two conditions are seen with coarctation of the aorta?

Answer 18

1. bicuspid aortic valve
2. turners syndrome

Question 19

What is the hallmark clinical presentation of coarctation of the aorta?

Answer 19

HTN in upper extremities and hypotension in lower with decreased distal pulses

Question 20

What does a chest x-ray show with coarctation of the aorta?

Answer 20

posterior rib notching and figure 3 sign

Question 21

Treatment for coarctation of the aorta?

Answer 21

surgery and prostaglandin to keep PDA open

Question 22

What are the 4 predisposing factors of PDA?

Answer 22

1. premature 2. > F 3. high altitude 4. congenital rubella

Question 23

What is the patho behind PDA?

Answer 23

increased prostaglandin E1 production

Question 24

continues Machine like murmur with wide pulse pressure and bounding peripheral pulses

Answer 24

PDA

Question 25

Treatment for PDA?

Answer 25

Indomethacin/ ibuprofen

Question 26

HSV 1

Answer 26

ORAL

Question 27

HSV 2

Answer 27

GENITAL

Question 28

HSV 3

Answer 28

CHICKENPOX

Question 29

HSV 4

Answer 29

EBV

Question 30

HSV 5

Answer 30

CMV

Question 31

HSV 6

Answer 31

ROSEOLA

Question 32

Bradycardia in infants

Answer 32

100-160

Question 33

Bradycardia in toddlers

Answer 33

70 - 120

Question 34

Bradycardia in pre-schoolers

Answer 34

60 - 100

Question 35

Bradycardia in school age

Answer 35

50 -90

Question 36

Bradycardia in adolescents

Answer 36

40 - 80

Question 37

harsh, medium- to high-pitched pansystolic murmur

Answer 37

VSD

Question 39

harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur is auscultated, and an ejection click is auscultated at the apex.

Answer 39

aortic stenosis/ bicuspid aortic valve

Question 40

child + LAD + Bone pain + fever + > 20% blasts and hepatomegaly/ splenomegaly

Answer 40

ALL

Question 41

Adults + smudge cells + fatigue + splenomegaly

Answer 41

CLL

Question 42

adults + auger rods

Answer 42

AML

Question 43

WBC > 100k + hyperurecemia + philadelphia chromosome

Answer 43

CML

Question 44

Reed Sternberg cells + painless lymphadenopathy

Answer 44

Hodgkins lymphoma