cardio wk 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
How does semilunar valves allow for blood flow? How does it prevent backflow?
blood is forcefully ejected from ventricles -> pushes cusps against the wall –> opens valve
no more blood, pressure decreases –> some blood regurtiates back and fills cusps –> shuts the valve to prevent backflow
AV node function and prevention of backflow
opens in atrial contraction -> Vs fill –> V contracts –> blood fils cusps –> pap muscles contract and condrae tendinae tighten –> Av close
what passes through the diaphragm at T8?
IVC
What passes through the diapgramg at T10?
Oesophagus
What passes through the diaphragm at T12?
Descending aorta
what does the fibrous pericardium do?
protects the heart against sudden over filling
papillary muscle
small collection of muscles that that pulls on the chobdra tendia
in atrias
What innervation does the vagus nerve supply for the heart?
parasympathetic (rest and digest)
where does the lymphaytic nodes of the heart drain into?
left internal jugular + left subclavian –> Left brachiocephalic
features of myocardium at high magnification
Intercalated discs
branching cells
centrally located nuclei (uni/binucleated)
striations
course of the oesophagus
base of larynx –> behind trachea –> sup + post mediastinum –> through diaphragm at T10
Oesophagus blood supply
A= inferior thyroid, bronchial, oesophageal and intercostal
V= azygous and hemiazygous
Course of the thoracic duct
abdomen –> aortic opening of diphragm –> R and L mediastinum –> Sup mediastinum
major relations of the thoracic duct
Posterior: abdominal artery and oesophagus
Anterior: lumbar vertebrae
thoracic duct function
major lymph node
collect lymph from L head, neck and upper limb + whole body under diaphragm
what provides sympathetic nervous supply to the heart?
T1-T5
what are the branches of the ascending aorta?
L and R coronary arteries
what are the branches of the Arch of Aorta?
Brachiocephalic (R common and R subclavian), L common carotid and L subclavian
What is pericarditis?
inflammation of the pericardium
What causes cardiac tamponade?
fluid accumulation in the pericardial space
what are the 3 shunts of fetal circulation?
Ductus arteriosus: Pulmonary trunk –> aorta
Ductus Venosus: umbilical –> IVC
Foramen ovale: RA –> LA
