Cardiology

Question 1

Squatting in tetralogy of fallout

Answer 1

Septum is not in correct anatomical position, with four consequences. 1-pulmonic stenosis 2- right ventricular hypertrophy 3- overriding aorta (sitting on two ventricles) 4 - ventricular septal defect

Squatting increases afterload, which makes it harder for deoxygenated blood to cross over from the right ventricle to the left ventricle, which allows more oxygenated blood to go thru aorta and decreases cyanosis. So babies that are cyanotic and squatting, with relief of cyanosis, is diagnostic of tetralogy of fallout

Question 2

What are the four primary pathophysiologies associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 2

PROV- Pulmonic stenosis, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Overriding aorta, Ventricular septal defect

It is a right to left shunt. So deoxygenated blood leaks to left side and goes back to body without oxygen. Cyanosis results in blue babies.

Question 3

True or False: Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The most common cyanotic congenital heart defect is __________.

Answer 4

Tetralogy of Fallot

Question 5

Which defect in Tetralogy of Fallot involves a narrowing of the outflow tract from the right ventricle?

Answer 5

Pulmonary stenosis

Question 6

What is the typical surgical treatment for Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 6

Surgical repair typically involves closure of the ventricular septal defect and relief of the pulmonary stenosis.