Cardiology Flashcards
(40 cards)
Alcoholic+. $of RSHF +CXR=enlarged heart + dyspnea &palpitations
DX? And single cause of worsening condition?
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy &wors
ed by AF
All pt with MI discharged on ? Meds ??
CABAS
- Clopidogrel(for 12 m). + Aspirin life long
- BB (for 12 m WO HF&lifelong w HF)
- ACEI
- STATIN
FAHM + hx of recurrent syncope + hx of recent PE + early diastolic sound &mid diastolic rumble
Or $ of dysnea & palpitations changed by position
Dx ?
atrial myxoma
1 m post MI +Chest pain worsening by inspiration + mild pyrexia + elevated ESR …..dx?& ttt?
Dressler $
(Autoimmune reaction ) post MI
(Fever, pleuritic pain ,pericardial effusion &elevated ESR)
Treated by NSAID
Post MI + sharp chest pain worsening by breathes + relieved by sitting forward(positional chest pain) …Dx?
ECG findings ?
Ttt?
Percarditis
- ecg (ST elevation +PR depression )
- NSAID
ECG findings SVT(rate bet 130-220) + hemodynamic stable
Appropriate (initial ) ttt ?
*Carotid massage Acute management in order : 1- valsalva + carotid massage 2- adenosine iv 3electroconversion Prevention ttt : bb Radio frequency ablation
Acute renal failure + ecg findings :flat p wave +wide QRS+ tented Twave
Electrolyte imbalance ?
Hyper K NB : *HypoK :(flat T waves +ST depression) *hyper Ca : shortened QT Hypo Ca : prolonged QT intervals
Post MI + readmitted DT hypotension + tachy+PE ….dx?
Difintive invest?
Ttt ?
MR
NB :( silent MR should be suspected in any pt post MI and hemodymnamic unstable )
*cause : papillary muscles dysfunction or rupture
* echo
* VDs if not controlled surgical repair
6 week baby + pansystolic murmur at sternal border + acyanotic ..dx ?
VSD
Ddx of pansystolic murmer ( MR,TR ,VSD )
Review chart of murmers 🤔
Chest exam : widespread creptitations over both lung fields+ o2 90%
Single appropriate invest .??
CXR 4steps of management: 1- sit pt up & o2 for saturation >95℅ 2- GTN spray two puffs 3- furosamide 40 mg IV 4- Diamorphine
65y pt dizzy when gets up from bed in the morning + HX of HTN and on multiple meds including diuretics
Dx?
Postural hypotension (ortho static hypotension )
NB: to diagnose ( a drop in BP of more than 20mmhg after 3 mins of standing )
So go for bp monitoring
PIC of ecg of VT (rated bet 100-250)
Management?
NB : if u can’t distinguish bet VT ,VF …VF WO pulse & LOC
Management :
A) w pulse»_space;
Stable …antiarrythmia eg (amiodarone,lidocaine , procainamide )
Unstable …EC
B) WO pulse EC
No pulse no breath??🤔
1- call resuscitation team
2- start CPR 30:2
Beck’s ∆ muffled heart sound + hpotension + distended neck viens
Dx ?? Invest ? Ttt
- Cardiac tamponade
- echo
- pericardiocentesis
Ecg finding : PR interval prolonged until QRS complex dropped
Dx?
Mobitz type 1
Review degree of HB 🤔
62y hx of stroke + $ of RSHF +ecg AF + CXR : straight Lt heart border dx?+ loud S1
MS
Most common cause RF
ECG findings :
Rt ventricular hypertrophy + AF may +p Mitral
Hx of preterm+ contious murder which disappeared at discharge dx?
PDA Invest : echo Ttt : may close spontiously *Indomethacin
Ecg findings: no connection bet p waves & QRS complexes
3rd degree HB
After 1h of Inf MI +stable
Best next step ?
PCI "After antiischemic measures *PCI wi 90mins of presentation *if not available &hemodynamically stable(with 12hrs ) >>alteplase *if PCI failed go for CABG
Chest pain <30mins inc by exercise and relieved by rest or dinitra
Stable angina
Fever+ new murmer post opn
Infective endocarditis
Invest? Blood culture .
Common cause : street viridans
2 week baby + o2 70℅ + cyanosis + ejection systolic murmer ..dx?
TOF (tetralogy of fallot) Cretieria: VSD Rt VH PS Over riding aorta
DM+ HTN + burning chest pain + cold sweating +dysnea
MI
46y Africocaribbean + BP 160/90 on 3 separate occasions
Single (initial ) best ttt
CCB Reviewdiagram 🤔 1- age<55 ACEI ,,Age >55 & Friccarib. CCB 2- ACEI + CCB 3- ,,,,,,,,+,,,,,,+thiaziade like diuretics
