Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MRCPCH > Cardiology - TAS > Flashcards

Cardiology - TAS Flashcards

(67 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Which arrhythmia is Ebstein’s anomaly associated with?

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is WPW treated?

A

Radiofrequency Ablation of the accessory pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List the cyanotic heart conditions?

A

Transposition of the Great Arteries
Truncus Arteriosus
Tricuspid Atresia
Tetralogy of Fallot
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Also:
Coarctation of the Aorta
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Pulmonary Atresia
Eisenmenger Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Continuous machinery-like murmur (or occasionally mixed systolic and diastolic murmurs)

A

PDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pansystolic murmur heard loudest at the apex and radiating to the axilla

A

Mitral Regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Features of Rheumatic Fever?

A

Joint involvement
Myocarditis
Nodules (subcutaneous)
Erythema Marginatum
Sydenham Chorea
Raised CRP
Arthralgia
Fever
Elevated ESR
Prolonged PR interval
Leucocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Young person presenting with fever, polyarthralgia and murmur?

A

Rheumatic Fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rib-notching on CXR is associated with…

A

Coarctation of the Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which heart condition presents with cyanotic spells associated with infundibular spasm?

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which heart condition presents most commonly with heart failure e.g. weight loss, tachypnoea, hepatomegaly?

A

VSD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Management of HTN in patients with T1DM?

A

Lifestyle changes
Beta-blockers
Calcium channel blockers (contraindicated in T1DM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Management of Hypercyanotic spells in Tetralogy of Fallot?

A

Knees to chest
Supplemental oxygen
Morphine bolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Long term cardiac complication of rheumatic fever?

A

Mitral stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which 3 conditions is Pulmonary stenosis present in?

A

Aligille Syndrome
William’s Syndrome
Noonan’s Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pulmonary stenosis, cholestatic jaundice and butterfly vertebrae = ?

A

Alagille Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Prolonged QT syndrome and sensori-neural deafness = ?

A

Jervell-Lange-Neilson Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which two bacteria are the most common causes of bacterial endocarditis?

A

Strep. viridians
Staph. aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fixed splitting of the second heart sound and an ejection systolic murmur?

A

Ostium secundum ASD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Turner’s syndrome is associated with a higher incidence of ??

A

Aortic Dissection (due to aortic root dilatation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the indications for early surgical closure in patients with large VSDs?

A

Pulmonary HTN
Signs of heart failure
Faltering growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Management of a PDA?

A

Fluid restriction
Furosemide
Paracetamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

wWhat condition is characterised by chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis (recurrent infections) and dextrocardia?

A

Kartagener’s Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What 4 features does tetralogy of fallout consist of?

A

Pulmonary stenosis
Overriding aorta
VSD
Right ventricular hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Bounding brachial pulses suggest which cardiac pathology?

A

PDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Carotid thrill is palpable in ??
Aortic Stenosis
26
Ejection systolic murmur at the upper right sternal edge, radiating to the carotids?
Aortic Stenosis
27
Alcohol is associated with which cardiac lesion?
ASD
28
Rubella is associated with which cardiac lesions?
PDA Coarctation of the aorta Tetralogy of Fallot
29
Lithium is associated with which cardiac lesion?
Ebstein's Anomaly
30
Phenytoin is associated with which cardiac lesion?
Pulmonary Stenosis
31
Narrowing of the upper mediastinum of CXR signifies which cardiac lesion?
Transposition of the Great Arteries
32
Tuberous Sclerosis is associated with ...
Rhabdomyoma
33
Noonan's syndrome is associated with ...
Pulmonary Stenosis
34
Fredriech Ataxia is associated with ...
HOCM
35
CXR finding of rib notching?
CoA
36
CXR finding - boot shaped heart?
Tetralogy of Fallot
37
CXR finding - egg on side appearance?
Transposition of the great arteries
38
CXR findings - a very large heart with reduced pulmonary markings?
Ebstein's Anomaly
39
Normal oxygen saturations in the heart?
Right side + pulmonary artery - >75% Left side + aorta - >98%
40
Absent mitral valve and enlarged right atria and ventricle?
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
41
Which conditions cause pansystlic murmurs?
VSD Mitral Regurgitation
42
What are the characteristics of PDA?
Continuous machinery like murmur Occasionally can be heard as a systolic and diastolic murmur Wide pulse pressure
43
What is the surgical management of a Transposition of the Great Arteries with a large VSD?
Pulmonary artery banding followed by an arterial switch operation
44
Which cardiac conditions can present with dual murmurs?
PDA Aortic Stenosis Aortic Regurgitation
45
What is the murmur of mitral regurgitation like?
Pansystolic murmur heard loudest over the apex and radiating to the axilla
46
What complications can maternal diabetes cause in the neonate?
Hypoglycaemia Surfactant deficiency Polycythaemia Hypocalcaemia Congenital Heart Disease
47
What does the presence of PiZZ phenotype suggest?
Alpha-1-antitrypisin Deficinecy
48
Precordial thrill and a (pan)systolic murmur?
VSD Small VSD - loud murmur and thrill Large VSD - quiet murmur
49
What are the possible causes of constrictive pericarditis?
Tuberculosis Post cardiac surgical complications Viral infections
50
What are the operations for Hypoplastic left heart syndrome?
Norwood - Glenn - Fontane
51
What is the treatment of choice for co-arctation of the aorta?
Subclavian Flap Repair
52
Gallop rhythm?
Ebstein's Anomaly
53
Risk factors for developing PDA?
Birth asphyxia Fetal distress Meconium stained fluid Down syndrome Cord entanglement HIE Maternal infection Oligohydramnios
54
What is the murmur in PDA?
Continuous machinery like murmur Wide pulse pressure
55
What is the management of PDA?
Term babies - indomethacin is ineffective, closure after 1 year with cardiac catheterisation Preterm babies - ibuprofen preferable to indomethacin (due to reduced risk of NEC)
56
Which heart conditions is Turner syndrome most associated with?
Bicuspid aortic valves Coarctation of the aorta
57
Snowman sign on CXR?
TAPVD
58
What does a fourth heart sound signify?
Left ventricular hypertrophy
59
What is the function of the ductus venosus?
Shunts left umbilical vein blood to the IVC hence bypassing the fetal liver
60
Which protein is affected in Marfan syndrome?
Fibrillin
61
What is the main congenital heart defect in turners syndrome?
Bicuspid aortic valves Coarctation of the aorta
62
Which genetic conditions are associated with pulmonary atresia with VSD?
VACTERL Aligille syndrome DiGeorge syndrome Trisomy 21
63
A VSD forms from which embryological structure?
Endocardial cushions
64
What is responsible for the closure of the ductus arteriosus?
Reduced prostaglandin levels in the blood at birth and increased oxygen tension following delivery
65
Where do the arterial baroreceptors lie?
Carotid sinus and aortic arch
66
Increased pulmonary vascular markings?
Total anomalous venous pulmonary drainage Transposition of the great arteries Truncus Arteriosus Large AVSD
67
Reduced pulmonary vascular markings?
ToF Double outlet right ventricle with pulmonary stenosis Single ventricle with pulmonary stenosis Ebstein anomaly with ASD

MRCPCH (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions